摘要 [目的]探索烤煙生產減工降本、提質增效的技術措施，研究散葉烘烤和掛桿烘烤對煙葉質量和經濟效益的影響，以期為散葉烘烤推廣提供理論支撐。[方法]試驗分2個部分進行，試驗一選取素質一致的第8～12葉位鮮煙葉，設置散煙堆放、散煙插扦及掛桿對照3個處理；試驗二選取素質一致的第8～12葉位鮮煙葉，設置散葉堆放，裝煙密度分別65和55 kg/m2；散葉插扦，裝煙密度分別75 和65 kg/m2共 4個處理。分析處理間的用工成本、經濟性狀、煙葉質量及化學成分的差異。[結果] 散葉堆放對提高密集烤房的裝煙量有限，但用工量可降低60%以上；散葉插扦可有效提高密集烤房裝煙量，裝煙量可提高15%以上，用工量可降低40%以上。 散葉插扦適宜的裝煙量在65～75 kg/m2，散葉堆放適宜的裝煙量在55～65 kg/m2。 散葉烘烤可有效降低烤青煙的比例，但雜色煙的比例增加，散葉烘烤烤后效果綜合評價高于掛桿烘烤，尤其是顏色、成熟度、油分等指標都有提高。[結論]從裝煙量、用工量、外觀評價及協(xié)調性綜合評價認為，散煙烘烤的質量和經濟效益更好，可在皖南煙區(qū)進一步推廣。
　　關鍵詞 散葉烘烤；掛桿烘烤；煙葉質量；效益分析
　　Effect on Tobacco Leaf Quality and Economic Benefits of Different Loose Leaf Bulk Curing Ways
　　ZHU Pei1，REN Si-hai2*，WANG Wen-jie1 et al （1.Chizhou Branch of Anhui Tobacco Company，Chizhou，Anhui 247100；2.Tobacco Research Institute of AnHui Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Hefei，Anhui 230001 ）
　　Abstract [Objective]To explore the measures for saving labor force and energy，and improving quality and efficiency，the effect of loose curing and traditional curing on tobacco leaf quality and economic benefits were studied，in order to provide theoretical support for the extension of loose curing.[Method] The test was divided into two parts，choosing the 8-12 position leaf with consistent quality，setting three treatments as loose leaf pile，loose leaf inserted and traditional curing（CK）；choosing the 8-12 position leaf with consistent quality，setting four treatments as loose leaf pile，loose leaf inserted；Differences of the amount of labor，economic benefits the appearance evaluation and the coordination among treatments were analyzed.[Result]The results were as follows： Loose leaf pile was limited to increase the capacity of curing barn，but the amount of labor can reduce over 60%；Loose leaf inserted skewer was effective for increasing the capacity，more than 15%，the amount of labor can reduce over 40%.Loading tobacco weight of loose leaf inserted skewer was 65-75 kg/m2，and the loose leaf pile was 55-65 kg/m2.Loose curing can reduce effectively veins leaf，but increase the motley leaf.The overall quality of loose curing was all higher than traditional curing，especially in several aspects as colour，maturity，oil.[Conclusion] According to the comprehensive evaluation of the quantity of tobacco，the amount of labor，the appearance evaluation and the coordination，the quality and economic benefits of the loose curing were better.It can be further popularized in South Anhui Tobacco area.
　　Key words Loose curing；Traditional curing；Tobacco leaf quality；Economic benefits

相關熱詞搜索：煙葉 烘烤 經濟效益 密集 方式