生物炭對(duì)土壤養(yǎng)分及煙葉各時(shí)期化學(xué)成分的動(dòng)態(tài)影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-25 來源: 感悟愛情 點(diǎn)擊:
摘要[目的]探究生物炭施用量對(duì)土壤改良及煙葉發(fā)育的影響。[方法]以云煙87為試驗(yàn)材料,生物炭施用量設(shè)4個(gè)水平:CK(0)、T1(2 250 kg/hm2)、T2(4 500 kg/hm2)、T3(6 750 kg/hm2),研究不同稻稈生物炭施用量對(duì)土壤養(yǎng)分及煙葉的作用效果。[結(jié)果]生物炭在前期增加煙葉還原糖、總糖、淀粉含量而后期則降低其含量。對(duì)于總氮及氯的影響較小,尼古丁則呈降低態(tài)勢(shì)。使煙葉化學(xué)成分更加協(xié)調(diào),從而提高吸食品質(zhì)。土壤生物炭能增加有機(jī)質(zhì)含量,提高pH值,增加速效鉀含量,減少速效磷含量,堿解氮?jiǎng)t呈現(xiàn)先增加后減少。綜合土壤養(yǎng)分與煙葉品質(zhì)結(jié)果,施用生物炭4 500 kg/hm2處理組效果最佳。[結(jié)論]該研究可為生物炭的合理施用提供參考。
關(guān)鍵詞生物炭;土壤養(yǎng)分;煙葉成分;不同時(shí)期;動(dòng)態(tài)影響
中圖分類號(hào)S572文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼A文章編號(hào)0517-6611(2017)21-0120-03
Effects of Biochar on Soil Nutrients and Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves
LIANG Zhongzhe1, QI Shaowu1,2*, DAN Junhao1 et al
。 1.College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410000;2.Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410128)
Abstract[Objective]In order to investigate the effects of biochar application on soil improvement and tobacco leaf development.[Method ]Taking Yunyan 87 as test material, the biochar was set at 4 levels: CK (0), T1 (2 250 kg/hm2), T2(4 500 kg/hm2), T3 (6 750 kg/hm2).The effects of different rice straw biochar on soil nutrients and tobacco leaves were studied. [Result] Biochar increased the content of reducing sugar, total sugar and starch in the early stage, but decreased the content of the latter. The effects of biochar on nicotine and total nitrogen were light, and nicotine decreased. The chemical composition of tobacco leaves was more coordinated and the smoking quality was improved. The soil biochar could increase the content of organic matter, increase the pH value, increase the content of available potassium and reduce the content of available phosphorus. available nitrogen increased firstly and then decreased. The results of integrated soil nutrient and tobacco leaf quality were the best when application quantity of biochar was 4 500 kg/hm2.[Conclusion] The research can provide reference for situable application of biochar.
Key wordsBiochar;Soil nutrient;Tobacco composition;Different periods;Dynamic influence
煙草由于長年連作,連續(xù)施用化肥,造成土壤板結(jié),氮炭比增大,元素利用率低下,煙株發(fā)育不良,煙田病害多發(fā),煙葉質(zhì)量下降[1]。因此,提升煙葉產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量是急需解決的難題。目前生物炭作為含碳量豐富的物質(zhì)[2],其能為土壤補(bǔ)充有機(jī)碳,增加氮素固持,同時(shí)還能改良土壤理化性質(zhì),提高作物對(duì)養(yǎng)分的吸收能力[3-6]。生物炭可提高作物養(yǎng)分吸收能力,對(duì)作物生長發(fā)育有重要意義[7]。國內(nèi)外研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在種植玉米、水稻和小麥的過程中添加一定量的生物炭能夠提升作物生長及其產(chǎn)量[8]。
目前,對(duì)生物炭在煙草上的應(yīng)用研究,主要集中在生物炭對(duì)土壤理化性質(zhì)及生長發(fā)育等方面的影響[9],但在生物炭對(duì)煙葉化學(xué)品質(zhì)及與土壤相關(guān)性方面尚缺乏研究。該研究采用盆栽試驗(yàn),研究生物炭施用量對(duì)煙葉化學(xué)品質(zhì)及土壤相關(guān)性的影響,以期為生物炭的合理施用提供理論依據(jù)。
1材料與方法
1.1試驗(yàn)材料
試驗(yàn)在湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)試驗(yàn)田內(nèi)進(jìn)行,土壤類型為壤土,土壤肥力中等,土壤各類理化性質(zhì)達(dá)標(biāo),符合作物生長要求。
試驗(yàn)所用生物炭為稈在450 ℃高溫厭氧條件下制備而成,其基本成分:pH 9.83,有機(jī)質(zhì)700 g/kg,全氮7.5 g/kg,全磷1.3 g/kg,全鉀17.1 g/kg,有效磷417 mg/kg,有效鉀483 mg/kg。煙草品種為云煙87。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:煙葉 養(yǎng)分 土壤 化學(xué)成分 時(shí)期
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