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        產(chǎn)地及施肥對(duì)大寧煙產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響

        發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-23 來(lái)源: 幽默笑話 點(diǎn)擊:


          摘要:探討了產(chǎn)地及施肥對(duì)大寧煙葉產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)及品質(zhì)成分的影響。結(jié)果表明,稻田種植的大寧煙產(chǎn)量顯著高于原產(chǎn)地的產(chǎn)量,而煙葉的評(píng)吸質(zhì)量及鉀、煙堿、粗蛋白、有機(jī)酸、高級(jí)脂肪酸等含量與原產(chǎn)地種植的煙葉相當(dāng);稻田種植的大寧煙無(wú)青枯病危害,而旱地種植的大寧煙青枯病發(fā)病率高達(dá)88.8%;以雞糞代替桐麩施用后,煙葉產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)及化學(xué)成分的變化不顯著;施用相當(dāng)于原產(chǎn)地60%的肥料,煙葉的品評(píng)質(zhì)量及水溶性糖含量、糖堿比、糖氮比更接近原產(chǎn)地?zé)熑~?梢(jiàn),稻田種植是異地?cái)U(kuò)種大寧煙的可行途徑,而以雞糞代替桐麩并施用原產(chǎn)地60%用量的肥料,煙葉的產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)較高。
          關(guān)鍵詞:大寧煙;產(chǎn)地;施肥;品質(zhì);產(chǎn)量
          中圖分類號(hào):S572 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2017)11-2084-04
          DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.11.023
          Abstract: The effects of fertilization and producing area on the yield and quality of Daning tobacco were investigated. The results showed that the yield of Daning tobacco planted in paddy fields was significantly higher than which planted in origin area. Both smoking quality of tobacco leaves, and the contents of potassium, nicotine, crude proteins, organic acids, higher fatty acids in tobacco leaves were equivalent to those in origin area; The tobacco planted in paddy fields did not develop tobacco bacterial wilt while the bacterial wilt incidence rate of the tobacco planted in drylands was as high as 88.8%; There was no significant change in tobacco yield, quality and chemical compositions after the application of the chicken manure, instead of tung seed meal, to the plant; The smoking quality, water-soluble sugar content, and the rate of sugar-alkali and sugar-nitrogen in the leaves of the tobacco applied with 60% dosage fertilizers in original area were highly similar to those in the origin area. These results indicated that paddy planting was a feasible way for expanding Daning tobacco cultivation area, while tobacco with higher yield and quality could be produced by replacing the application of tung seed meal with chicken manure and applying 60% dosage of fertilizer in original area.
          Key words: Daning tobacco; producing area; fertilization; quality; yield
          中國(guó)地方曬晾煙種植歷史悠久,資源豐富,分布廣,品質(zhì)風(fēng)格特色明顯,是國(guó)內(nèi)中式卷煙豐富的原料資源,具有巨大的開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)用前景。曬黃煙是中國(guó)一種獨(dú)特的煙草資源,具有香氣量足且濃郁,油分充足,刺激性小,吃味純凈又勁頭合適的特點(diǎn)[1]。大寧曬煙是原產(chǎn)于廣西賀州市八步鎮(zhèn)質(zhì)優(yōu)價(jià)高的特香型曬黃煙品種資源,銷售價(jià)達(dá)300元/kg,是普通烤煙價(jià)格的近30倍。然而,大寧煙僅局限在大寧鎮(zhèn)局部區(qū)域小范圍種植,種植面積小、總產(chǎn)量低,遠(yuǎn)未能滿足消費(fèi)者和卷煙企業(yè)的需求。此外,原產(chǎn)地大寧煙均需種植新墾坡陡山地上,采用刀耕火種方式栽培[2,3],不可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因此,異地?cái)U(kuò)種大寧煙是滿足大寧煙市場(chǎng)需求的惟一途徑。然而,異地?cái)U(kuò)種大寧煙的可行性及相關(guān)技術(shù)研究鮮見(jiàn)報(bào)道。因此,本試驗(yàn)研究異地種植和施肥對(duì)大寧煙產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)及煙葉品質(zhì)的基本組分的影響,旨在為大寧曬煙異地栽培和管理提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
          1 材料與方法
          1.1 材料
          供試煙葉品種:大寧煙,為原產(chǎn)于廣西賀州市大寧鎮(zhèn)的特香型曬黃煙品種。
          供試肥料:雞糞(含N 1.737%、P2O5 1.431%、K2O 2.537%)、桐麩(含N 2.545%、P2O5 0.936%、K2O 0.873%)、硫酸鉀(含K2O 44.830%、草木灰土K2O 3.049%)。
          1.2 方法
          試驗(yàn)于2013年11月至2014年6月在賀州市平桂區(qū)公會(huì)鎮(zhèn)旱地、稻田和大寧煙原產(chǎn)地進(jìn)行。水稻土的基本理化性狀為pH 5.46、有機(jī)質(zhì)2.95%、堿解氮108.6 mg/kg、速效磷87.6 mg/kg、速效鉀47.0 mg/kg。原產(chǎn)地為新墾山地,坡度22°,土壤基本理化性狀為pH 4.34、有機(jī)質(zhì)3.82%、堿解氮193.5 mg/kg、速效磷3.1 mg/kg、速效鉀103.9 mg/kg。

        相關(guān)熱詞搜索:大寧 施肥 產(chǎn)地 產(chǎn)量 品質(zhì)

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