黃柏類藥材顏色數(shù)量分類探討
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-29 來源: 幽默笑話 點(diǎn)擊:
[摘要]通過收集市場上黃柏類藥材的商品28批樣品,利用分光測色儀測量其外表面、內(nèi)表面、斷面的顏色Lab色彩空間值,采用Ward聯(lián)接法和平方Euclidean距離對28組數(shù)值進(jìn)行聚類分析。同時(shí)邀請“國醫(yī)大師”金世元教授依據(jù)傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)對28批黃柏樣品進(jìn)行鑒定、質(zhì)量評價(jià)和分級。將傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與分光測色儀測量分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較。結(jié)果顯示,黃柏類藥材可以通過顏色數(shù)值聚類成關(guān)黃柏和川黃柏,并按照質(zhì)量進(jìn)行分類,且與傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)鑒別結(jié)果具有高度一致性。
[關(guān)鍵詞]黃柏類藥材;顏色;傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)鑒別;Lab色彩空間;聚類分析
[Abstract]Through the investigation of Phellodendron Cortex on the market, and 28 batches of samples were collected. By using spectrophotometer the color values of outer surface, inner surface and cross-section of these samples were measured. These measured color data was translated into 3D structure diagram by using the Lab color space tool. The level difference value, the mean value and the threshold value were calculated based the measured color data of these different batches of samples. All 28 groups measured data was analyzed using the methods of Ward linkage and average Euclidean distance. At the same time, we invited Professor Jin Shiyuan, the ″Chinese medicine master″, to identify, qualityevaluate and grade these 28 batches of Phellodendron Cortex samples base on the traditional experience, then compared the traditional empirical results with the spectrophotometer measurement results. The result showed that, the Phellodendron Cortex could be divided into Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex by color numerical clustering, and classified according to quality. The classification result has a high degree of consistency with the traditional experience.
[Key words]Phellodendron Cortex; color; traditional identification; Lab color space; cluster analysis
黃柏是一種大宗常用中藥材,來源于蕓香科植物黃皮樹Phellodendron chinense Schneid 或黃檗P amurense Rupr 的干燥樹皮,前者習(xí)稱“川黃柏”,后者習(xí)稱“關(guān)黃柏”。 《本草經(jīng)集注》云:“今出邵陵者,輕薄色深為勝,出東山者,厚而色淺”!妒癖静輬D經(jīng)》云:“黃檗樹……皮黃……今所在有,本出房,商,合等小川山谷,皮緊,厚二三分,鮮黃者上,二月、五月采皮,日干。” 宋代《本草圖經(jīng)》說:“今處處有之,以蜀中者佳!盵1]以上諸家所說,與今用之川黃柏相符,且川黃柏質(zhì)量以“色深、鮮黃”為上。
顏色是傳統(tǒng)鑒別和評價(jià)中藥材及飲片的最為常用的指標(biāo)。藥材或飲片的質(zhì)量優(yōu)劣、變質(zhì)與否及炮制變化指標(biāo)均體現(xiàn)在藥材的顏色變化。經(jīng)調(diào)查,亳州市場黃柏的商品規(guī)格已發(fā)生變化,對其進(jìn)行重新整理并開展優(yōu)劣鑒別方法研究,對有計(jì)劃、有組織地利用資源,盡快提升藥材質(zhì)量,滿足用藥需求是十分必要的。本文擬對市售黃柏類藥材,利用分光測色儀對黃柏外表面、內(nèi)表面和斷面的Lab色彩空間數(shù)值測量,并結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)鑒別,對黃柏進(jìn)行品種、等級等外觀質(zhì)量評價(jià)。
1材料與方法
1.1藥材黃柏類藥材28份,購買于安徽亳州藥材市場,均已切成絲狀,其中關(guān)黃柏10份,川黃柏18份(4份去栓皮,14份未去栓皮),經(jīng)“國醫(yī)大師”金世元教授依照傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行鑒定和優(yōu)劣評價(jià),見表1。
1.2儀器采用日本柯尼卡美能達(dá)公司的分光測色儀(型號CM700d),參數(shù)根據(jù)《中國藥典》液體顏色檢查法第三法 “色差計(jì)法”設(shè)為:CIE 1976,光源設(shè)定為D65,光源視角為10°,鏡面光為SCI,UV為100%,量測方式為反射,孔徑為3 mm目標(biāo)罩(含穩(wěn)定片,型號CMA179),孔徑3 mm目標(biāo)罩(不含穩(wěn)定片,型號CMA181)。測得數(shù)據(jù)用Lab色彩空間表示,Lab色彩空間是由1個(gè)明度因數(shù)L和2個(gè)色度因數(shù)a,b組成的,L從0到100,a從紅色變化到綠色,b從黃色變化到藍(lán)色,它們的值在-120~120 [2] 。
1.3顏色數(shù)值測量每份樣品隨機(jī)取9個(gè)黃柏絲個(gè)體,分別測量每個(gè)個(gè)體外表面、內(nèi)表面和斷面的顏色數(shù)值,每個(gè)表面隨機(jī)選取1塊區(qū)域置于分光測色儀下進(jìn)行測量。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:黃柏 探討 數(shù)量 顏色 類藥
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