콨,Ŵo(j)ʷоǰؒ
l(f)r(sh)g:2020-06-12 (li)Դ: vʷ c(din)
1 Փ(wn)}cǰ؆(wn)}
Ŵo(j)ʷW(xu)оʷǰ(hu)Ԫ17o(j)ĚvʷW(xu)оĵҪŴϣD_RŴǣ
o(j)W͖|WŴ|ρЁоI(lng)߀Ŵo(j)ͨʷŴ(hu)ı^оȡ
Ї(gu)Ŵo(j)ʷо^m(x)P(gun)עy(tng)(wn)}Ŵ(hu)ƶl(f)չ⽨ƶˇ(f)dͬr(sh)F(xin)һǶ^c(din)µоɹF(xin)ڣ1ڸߵČӴP(gun)עشՓ(wn)}ǰ؆(wn)}Փ·M(jn)^о2P(gun)עע،(zhun)}оu[ÓͨʷԵоģʽijЩI(lng)F(xin)һоɹ3оI(lng)M(jn)һU(ku)ǰоĶ_˹ŴʷrŴʷоɹF(xin)ڂy(tng)ğc(din)оI(lng)ҲU(ku)չŴϣDʷоH^m(x)P(gun)עŵr(sh)ϣDڕr(sh)g^m(x)ڵĺRr(sh)ֳr(sh)U(ku)չW(xu)߂_(ki)ʼP(gun)עϣDr(sh)_R_Ry(tng)Εr(sh)ڵϣD˵Ȇ(wn)}4Ŵo(j)ʷоc(gu)HW(xu)g(sh)܉P(gun)ڇ(gu)HW(xu)g(sh)оеğc(din)(wn)}o(j)ʷое(hu)(jng)(j)ʷŴʷоеڇ(gu)҆(wn)}c(hu)P(gun)ϵҲwF(xin)҇(gu)W(xu)ߵо
ڽ(jng)^(gu)ʮоЇ(gu)W(xu)˼ʷоеҪՓ(wn)}P(gun)עՓҲeO\(yn)һЩՓQvʷ(wn)}Rˈָ(zhn)F(xin)˱ʷwϵڌ(du)vʷ^J(rn)֪wϵ߀δa(chn)@Щʷ_(ki)(chung)֮Rο˷WՓĆ(wn)}SW(xu)u(png)WՓڽµʷδ@@ɿ(j)?yn)҂ʷwϵW(xu)߽Ǹ(j)W(jng)(yn)óп^һ棬ҲКWՓһ(gu)Һ͵^(q)ʷW(xu)njW(xu)(x)ʷW(xu)ģȱԼĚvʷl(f)ՓF(xin)ڵʷֻһN(zhn)ʷСָښvʷоR(sh)ՓŬDZҪҲҪR(sh)vʷcĻĽܺ͂Լ(d)صĖ|M(jn)е@ɱ،(do)vʷcĻĖ|ʽ`xo(j)cvʷĻI(lng)@N`xҪwF(xin)ڽcɂy(tng)γ\(yn)(dng)cڽ̸ĸcxԼ̻ʙ(qun)P(gun)оu(png)r(ji)ij·P(gun)W(xu)g(sh)ʷķeOԼW(xu)ƶW(xu)g(sh)Ʒa(chn)C(j)Ƶ{(dio)
ȫʷcwʷоǽ(li)(gu)H(gu)(ni)ʷW(xu)P(gun)עĽc(din)(wn)}֮һĹŴʷоĽǶȁ(li)f(shu)wʷоṩһ(g)µ˼·҂Qy(tng)ʷW(xu)оo(w)һЩ(wn)}߅^(q)cĵ^(q)P(gun)ϵĆ(wn)}M(jn)һU˹̹wϵՓľ𡢰l(f)չ䌦(du)ʷW(xu)оؕI(xin)ӑՓwϵՓڹŴʷeǹŴɺ^(q)ʷǰvʷоеđ(yng)ָ(li)wϵĽW(wng)j(lu)ڹŴɺ(hu)˕r(sh)ѽ(jng)ڡ
(gu)Դڰl(f)չ(wn)}ǽ(li)ʷW(xu)ӑՓ^ҵĆ(wn)}ʷW(xu)߲H(gu)(ni)B˴(gu)W(xu)g(sh)P(gun)(gu)Դ(wn)}Փ^c(din)ҲeOc̽Ї(gu)(gu)ҵڇ(gu)҆(wn)}ƽ(li)(xi)һϵ(gu)(ni)W(xu)߽B(gu)W(xu)g(sh)P(gun)ڇ(gu)оՓɹԼо^c(din)Ҳ@һЩ푣ƽo˻ؑ(yng)Լ^c(din)ɽˑ(zhn)(zhng)cΙ(qun)P(gun)ϵԑ(zhn)ƷpnYԴÞ̽ӑ˹Ŵ(zhn)(zhng)(du)Ι(qun)Ӱ푡L(zhng)ָ(dng)(li)W(xu)Փ(du)R˼xP(gun)(li)(hu)MM(jn)ČW(xu)f(shu)һķeOxҲ(du)Ї(gu)Ŵ(gu)ԴγɵозeOx
W(xu)߂עP(gun)עW(xu)ǰ؆(wn)}Y(ji)Ŵo(j)ʷоrСף꿡S߷քeϹʷo(j)ʷĽǶȿY(ji)˽(li)Ї(gu)Ŵo(j)ʷоr콨¿Y(ji)˽(li)(gu)Դоğc(din)yc(din)(wn)}wĺČW(xu)ƽǶȿY(ji)ͽBŴo(j)ʷоc(din)ꐅĄt(du)Ї(gu)W(xu)g(sh)P(gun)עġ⽨(wn)}M(jn)˾CY(ji)
2 Ŵ|ʷо
(li)Ї(gu)ĹŴ|ʷоeʷоȡشM(jn)չ@Щ(li)Խ(li)ԽP(gun)ɹl(f)ʷо}漰Խ(li)ԽVW(xu)߂\(yn)SԭʼYϣļ(x)µʷϷֿCоŴǚvʷϵľw(wn)}\(yn)ìF(xin)ʷW(xu)ՓоһЩ^(wn)}
ŴʷоP(gun)עŴɺvʷҪĚvʷr(sh)¼ƶ(du)ĿǰȻ̎ڳ(chung)Aεăɺʷо(li)f(shu)@ӵx}dzռŴɺvʷʹЇ(gu)ʷW(xu)猦(du)ԓ^(q)vʷиȫ˽о˼Kġf@ęnJ(rn)翨ǺϷ؏ǰαRհ_(d)^λijЩW(xu)Ɯy(c)ǘͨ^(gu)Ʒǰ(jng)(j)ڽԼؔ(ci)a(chn)Й(qun)(qun)ȷʼKSւy(tng)ƶȣǰεķᘺ](mi)M(jn)κشĸĸڇ(gu)Ұl(f)չĽǶP(gun)עŰͱȂr(sh)ڃɺ(gu)γɺڰl(f)չеú͵λָͨ^(gu)Cķ_(hu)ȼ(j)ƶ(sh)г⽻ߡĹƶȺ͇(gu)ҙC(j)߶Ȍ(zhun)Ƶ뼯(qun)(gu)ڹŰͱȂr(sh)γɣŴɺ(gu)Ұl(f)չ_(d)һ(g)ʢr(sh)
W(xu)߂^m(x)оʷ¹(sh)ġ(li)̫(yng)һӡKʷԊ(sh)c֮IJͬǶȌ(du)KʷԊ(sh)c֮M(jn)˽(du)ıM(jn)µUcx(du)P(gun)vʷvʷ¼cijЩM(jn)Uጺͽx(du)W(xu)оM(jn)u(png)һc(gu)HW(xu)܉ġݗlsо(du)ԭʼlsīI(xin)M(jn)нx(du)ݗlsM(jn)Кw(li)о˄(chung)^c(din)
ŴʷоȻP(gun)ע(gu)H(gu)(ni)ʷW(xu)оеğc(din)(wn)}(hu)ʷо猦(du)B(yng)P(gun)ϵ(chung)Ԓо¡(j)(du)ūε^(q)ԭʼB(yng)ļоָB(yng)ƶȲͬڬF(xin)ͨxϵB(yng)cЙ(qun)ֱӵ(lin)ϵB(yng)İl(f)cl(f)չҪԫ@ý(jng)(j)(q)(dng)(gu)ָŴɺڲͬĕr(sh)ڷքeǸĄ(chung)ԒŴɺ(chung)Ԓǽy(tng)A(j)So(h)y(tng)εĹ֮һl(f)չ׃cͬr(sh)ڵıo(h)λֱӵP(gun)ϵߵ׃cŴɺvʷİl(f)չP(gun)ռɺʷ֪R(sh)ɞc(din)ŴɺʷLJ(gu)(ni)оdzČW(xu)P(gun)עռɺʷ֪R(sh)(yng)njW(xu)߂xo؟(z)
ŴоP(gun)עŴvʷϵĶ(g)İ(gu)ּDŮȶ(g)Ƕо˰˵ā(li)^ּā(li)ԴFŮĽȆ(wn)}۸ָŴĽ죬o(w)Փ߀挦(du)(gu)Ҷһ(g)ؓ(f)(dn)ĹĴСɱ?ch)?gu)xλԼQҎ(gu)ģͽY(ji)(gu)(dng)r(sh)ڽeǁ(li)^˛QԵáڡĹŴf(shu)ġ(dng)r(sh)DŮĵλһ۸оf(shu)ڹŴvʷеáӢ(du)ʷǰr(sh)ڵİ̮(hu)̖(ho)M(jn)ϵy(tng)ĽB@Щ̖(ho)ă(ni)cֵP(gun)ϵȆ(wn)}W(xu)߂߀քeо˰˵Ěvʷ^wеľSľڽ̵Ȇ(wn)}bĿǰ(gu)(ni)ŴʷоȻ^ĬF(xin)P(gun)ڰʷ(jng)(j)ʷĻʷȂy(tng)ʷW(xu)(wn)}Ȼ(yng)(dng)oҕa(b)(gu)(ni)ʷW(xu)P(gun)ڰʷоĿհ
(li)_(ki)ʼЌW(xu)P(gun)עq̫˵ĚvʷP(gun)עq̫˵Ěvʷӛ䛡q̫ڸ(g)vʷr(sh)ڵĻ(dng)l(f)]ʷόW(xu)ĽǶȚw{W(xu)猦(du)ڪq̫ĵоɹӑՓ_Ry(tng)Εr(sh)ڪq̫˵W(xu)߂߀P(gun)עo(j)q̫˵(hu)
3 ŴϣD_R
ŴϣDc_RоЇ(gu)ŴʷоеĂy(tng)I(lng)ڹŴϣDʷоW(xu)߂^m(x)P(gun)עy(tng)ijǰоȻоŵƶȞҪ(ni)ݡ(li)܌W(xu)P(gun)עϣDԒcvʷP(gun)ϵоM(jn)һM(jn)չؕ(sh)о˹ϣDvʷr(sh)߯ăɄtЄ(chung)
ϣDʷо߀P(gun)ע˶(g)y(tng)(chung)µn}W(xu)߂l(f)һЩy(tng)}ijɹTϣD܌W(xu)ϣDc(din)ϣDū`Ɔ(wn)}(li)W(xu)߂dzעоϣDŵr(sh)ǰĚvʷ̽BġR(hu)оa(b)҇(gu)W(xu)ϣD(hu)оеĿհW(xu)߂քeоϣDֳ(dng)ڰr(sh)ϣDͺI(dng)Ȇ(wn)}˹_(d)оҲǽW(xu)P(gun)עijǰP(gun)˹_(d)ǰĂy(tng)J(rn)R(sh)Щ`^(q)žʹ^c(din)߀һɹ_(ki)ϣDоҕǣP(yng)SgУġεׁϣDTŵԴɱ͔(sh)һ(du)εׁϣDTԴ؛c(hu)׃w֮gP(gun)(lin)M(jn)ӑՓ@ǽЩ(gu)HW(xu)g(sh)һ(g)оc(din)κPɏ(du)ϣDİ͎(k)˹xоҲLJ(gu)(ni)W(xu)g(sh)об^Ҋ(jin)}ĿϣDʷоmȻF(xin)һЩ^·f}Ŀǣоc(din)Ȼڂy(tng)ŵƶоx}^c(din)Ą(chung)ԡYϵİl(f)F(xin)ȷrµM(jn)չ
Ŵ_RоȻ_R͇(gu)_Rۇ(gu)ƶоW(xu)߂о_R͕r(sh)_RԪԺƶzƶ(wn)}͇(gu)˥Ȇ(wn)}
W(xu)߂(du)_Rۇ(gu)P(gun)ע}ӏVP(gun)עy(tng)о܊ƶȡԪ׳Ļl(f)չ(wn)}ҲP(gun)ע_Rۇ(gu)ؔ(ci)ƶ(li)(du)_R(hu)ƶȵо^c(din)P(gun)ע(hu)D(zhun)͕r(sh)ڵĻƶ
W(xu)߂dzP(gun)עϣD_RĻP(gun)ϵоϣD_R֮gP(gun)ϵ(li)ӰꐺָϣD(li)Ӱ푡e_RϣD֮gP(gun)ϵǽJ(rn)_Ry(tng)£ϣDmȻʧΪ(d)һ(g)Ļ塱y(tng)J(rn)ͬSJ(rn)ϣD_Rڌ(du)|TcJ(rn)֪wF(xin)һN|x|xһ(g)ٹ̵ƾõ˼cԒZ(y)y(tng)
ŵҵČW(xu)f(shu)ȻnjW(xu)߂P(gun)עĽc(din)(du)ϣ_ʿ٢оȻǟc(din)W(xu)߂^m(x)gŵҵ(gu)(ni)xM(jn)һЩ(jng)ĹŵW(xu)о@Щڇ(gu)(ni)W(xu)g(sh)M(jn)һоˮƽչоҕҰõؽB(gu)ŵW(xu)оijɹˏ¹Ŵʷо
4 o(j)W
o(j)ķ⽨ƶһֱLJ(gu)(ni)o(j)ʷоW(xu)P(gun)עĽc(din)(wn)}W(xu)߂HĸǶо⽨x(wn)}߀(du)@(g)(wn)}оrM(jn)пY(ji)ČW(xu)g(sh)ʷeǏČ(sh)CՓɷUWFeudalismǚWޚvʷl(f)չĮa(chn)ֻښWƽӑՓWo(j)(hu)r(nng)Fͽʿ(g)ȼ(j)ָ(gu)(hu)wȼ(j)ƶȘ(gu)o(j)(hu)ĻA(ch)ͬr(sh)Ҳ_ÿ(g)ȼ(j)(yng)ę(qun)x(w)ȼ(j)һɲ׃S(jng)(j)İl(f)չ(hu)׃(g)ȼ(j)кܴ׃ָֺo(j)Wȼ(j)^ڻ̵ȼ(j)^ĻA(ch)uγɵȼ(j)֮gȷdžμƽȅf(xi)džμČӼ(j)ԲƽP(gun)ϵdzʬF(xin)(f)sc(din)(sh)о˵־⽨ƶȵc(din)ָйŕr(sh)ڣ(gu)⽨xİl(f)չ(g)@c(din)һ(du)t
Dzƣ
@(g)c(din)(du)(gu)(qun)a(chn)Ӱ
Ї(gu)o(j)ʷоW(xu)(du)Ӣ(gu)o(j)ʷоһֱ^Ӣ(gu)ʷW(xu)ߵоҕҰdzV韣(du)Ӣ(gu)o(j)(jng)(j)ڽ(hu)(wn)}P(gun)עʹӢ(gu)ʷɞo(j)ʷоI(lng)ď(qing)(sh)W(xu)
W(xu)߂P(gun)עȻӢ(gu)ʷ(du)Ӣ(gu)(gu)θĸӢ(gu)(qun)ؙ(qun)(qun)c̙(qun)P(gun)ϵӢ(gu)(gu)HγɵȆ(wn)}^c(din)ġӢ(gu)(gu)ҵγɡ̽ӑ˚Wޏo(j)⽨(gu)Yx(gu)^(gu)ɵҪ(wn)}16o(j)Ӣ(gu)(gu)ҙC(j)(gu)cܵ׃c(din)(j)ԭʼYcՓؔ(ci)C(j)(gu)Ժ˾C(j)(gu)طh(hu)̕(hu)Ҫ׃(du)Ӣ(gu)(qun)@(chng)׃еλ׃׃Ľ(jng)(j)(hu)(c(din)̎xһ(y))
(hu)ȼ(j)ƶȵ׃Ҳ̽ӑָ@(chng)׃ԺӢ(gu)ıl(f)ƵĽYx(qing)(gu)γɵ춨˻A(ch)ꐽhָ(i)Aһy(tng)Εr(sh)Ӣml(f)̵(hu)׃o(j)ʢr(sh)Ӣ(gu)vʷl(f)չıF(xin)cY(ji)ͬr(sh)ҲӢ(gu)춨˸ĻA(ch)ʩ\(chng)оȫ(gu)߷⽨ć(gu)һϵؔ(ci)ؙ(qun)ָ(qun)𡱵Ĵ_Ӣ(gu)16o(j)ڽ̸ĸĺ¼_(qun)ڽ̺窚(d)һo(w)Ľy(tng)ελʷоУ(du)ڶIоȻ֮о˶Ir(sh)ڵĽ̅^(q)ΰָڽ(jng)(j)(hu)аl(f)]Ӣ(gu)(du)F(xin)l(f)չ^(gu)ҪؕI(xin)ˣW(xu)߂ҲP(gun)עӢ(gu)(hu)ʷҕӢ(gu)İl(f)չ(du)F(xin)ʷl(f)չؕI(xin)Ӣ(gu)(gu)ҵc(din)еİl(f)չQ(mo)ȷӑՓӢ(gu)oF(xin)za(chn)W(xu)߂߀оӢ(gu)(hu)ʷI(lng)е(wn)}ʥͽ{(jng)I(yng)ƶȵ
Ї(gu)Wo(j)ʷо(gu)(gu)o(j)ʷоһֱDZh(hun)(ji)(li)@(g)(wn)}W(xu)߂ͻSxȡ(gu)o(j)(qun)ͻƿ·y(tng)geO쏈(qun)H׃˴ǰ(gu)(qun)rʹ(qun)ă(ni)ݵõ䌍(sh)ʹ(qun)ӔU(ku)չ(sh)tP(gun)ע־(qun)10~11o(j)־һNۇ(gu)̕(hu)w䌍(sh)|(zh)(qun)(do)µ(qun)c̕(hu)gĹP(gun)ϵ
Wo(j)ڽƶȺڽ̸ĸЇ(gu)W(xu)g(sh)P(gun)עĂy(tng)(wn)}(li)W(xu)߂ҕڽƶеһЩw¼wPҕڽ̸ĸеһЩС֧оĿͬڽcεP(gun)ϵˇ(f)dͬnjW(xu)g(sh)P(gun)עĂy(tng)(wn)}Wˇ(f)d\(yn)(dng)M(jn)HF(xin)˼ĻԼ⽨W(xu)wF(xin)ڡ˞鱾M(jn)ĻϡҫJ(rn)__ijЏ(qing)ɞˇ(f)dl(f)صĸԭo(j)ʷо߀P(gun)עr(nng)ūo(j)Tʿʮ܊(wn)}o(j)̘I(y)cаl(f)չ(wn)}Wcl(f)չP(gun)ϵ(wn)}
5 ռͥ|WЖ|^(q)͖|
ռͥоԲʿоҪоڽߌ(du)ռͥΰl(f)չӰ־(qing)ˡʿߡĚvʷָvʷоߵ(chng)^솖(wn)}ĽǶȳQ䌦(du)ʷϵxȡCx\(yn)M(jn)Ӱ䌦(du)vʷ(wn)}ДࡣGо˰ռ͢ʵ۲ʿڽʧԭP(gun)ڰռͥۇ(gu)ڽߣKu(png)˾ʿ̹һڽJ(rn)ڽw(yn)c΄(dng)C(j)ЙC(j)y(tng)һ
|WŴʷоԶ_˹ƽо˚vʷ϶_˹r(nng)Ė|ָ_˹r(nng)Ė|Br(nng)Լy(tng)ijɷӖ(xn)tP(gun)עĪ˹Ї(gu)J(rn)Ī˹Ї(gu)cķmooBijDž^(q)
Ж|ŴʷоC˹ŴЖ|ijСQ(mo)Ļc(din)ȶ(g)}y(tng)Ė|W(xu)ɌW(xu)J(rn)Ж|o(j)˹mЛ](mi)гC(j)(gu)](mi)иM(jn)Լ(w)؟(z)Л](mi)κηeOؕI(xin)܇(ch)Ч÷(du)|(zh)J(rn)1500~1501꿨Ş(du)h(yun)ӡQ(chng)l(f)F(xin)һAHеĵĴС
ռͥ|Wo(j)ŴЖ|ʷо҂W(xu)g(sh)оһֱDZh(hun)(ji)(li)dzF(xin)һЩоɹȻo(w)ڽČW(xu)wϵ(yng)(dng)ӏ(qing)͔U(ku)չ@ЩW(xu)I(lng)
ږ|Ŵʷо콨µĺ̫оҪͻƿڣ(du)ڹŴrоɞһ(g)c(din)콨¡̫رоһ(sh)Ժ̫ĸ(g)r(sh)ڵرҪYϣ@W(xu)f(shu)ʷР(zhng)hĆ(wn)}M(jn)˿̫ǹŴ߾ʮŴ(Ԫ391~412λ)ĹڹԪ414ꡣ^(gu)ȥ100(li)P(gun)˱ĵӑՓږ|СnŴʷW(xu)ܵVP(gun)עԓ(sh)Ҫ̽ӑĆ(wn)}Уر͂1884aر|(zh)P(gun)(wn)}ĩSعƏĵĽ(jng)vرԭίʯرİkF(xin)Լʯa(b)ֵԭ|(zh)(wn)}̫r(sh)رľ꼰䷽߸ָ߾λȼ(j)ƶڰl(f)չ׃^(gu)УȺF(xin)N׃콨ͨ^(gu)(du)rʷ(sh)ɕ(sh)̓(ni)ݵԔ(x)y(tng)Ӌ(j)ͿCl(f)F(xin)żἰġӛl(xing)ijNضʷ(sh)(gu)r(sh)ھͳF(xin)Ĕ(sh)ʷ(sh)ͨQ(chng)
ĿǰЇ(gu)Ŵo(j)ʷоRҪ(wn)}Ȼ^m(x)U(ku)չеоI(lng)_(ki)µоI(lng)1ŌW(xu)Yϵĵλѽ(jng)õһЩW(xu)ߵҕΌ֮\(yn)ڌ(sh)HоcīI(xin)YY(ji)@Щ(wn)}ȻҪQ2оشՓ(wn)}R˼xΨʷ^cŴo(j)ʷĚvʷYY(ji)ĿǰRһ(g)Ҫ(wn)}3y(tng)(sh)I(lng)簢Ŵʷ|ρŴʷӡo(j)ʷȱȲ](mi)дM(jn)չ
c(din)x