ģףϢȡо|Ϣȡ
l(f)r(sh)g:2020-03-07 (li)Դ: ժ c(din)
[ժҪ]ᘌ(du)DeepWebϢYԴÆ(wn)}ָ(du)M(jn)Ϣȡx(du)Ϣȡ^(gu)̎ԃӿںͳȡY(ji)(gu)(sh)(j)@ɂ(g)ҪEʹõļg(sh)ûP(gun)I~ԃͽęn(du)ģ͵ķ(du)(sh)(j)(k)M(jn)гȡ(sh)(yn)ͨ^(gu)(sh)(yn)Y(ji)(yn)CȡĜ(zhn)_ָ֮̎ͽQ;_(d)DeepWebϢYԴĿ
[P(gun)I~]Deep WebϢȡԃӿڡ(sh)wR(sh)eęn(du)ģ
[̖(ho)]TP31l
1Deep Webc(din)
SW(wng)j(lu)ϢYԴıըʽL(zhng)ΏЫ@ȡÑҪϢɞ˂P(gun)עĽc(din)(wn)}˂ͨ^(gu)(li)@ȡҪϢ@ǽ挦(du)W(wng)(y)M(jn)ĻA(ch)кܶW(wng)(y)o(w)ģ@Щ[ԵľW(wng)(y)ϱ˂Q֮Deep WebHidDdenWeb
Deep WebĸDr.Jill Ellsworth1994ָdzҎ(gu)治ľW(wng)j(lu)YԴ(j)2001Michael K BergmanP(gun)Deep WebоİƤ(sh)(j)(du)ԱSurface WebDeep WebҎ(gu)ģ400500(j)īI(xin)[2]P(gun)DeepWeb{(dio)(bo)2000굽2004꣬Ҏ(gu)ģL(zhng)37߀ڲL(zhng)ϵо(sh)(j)֪܉?q)?gu)ģľW(wng)j(lu)YԴϢ(ni)سȡ(li)(du)(bo)оǺxġ
2ȡ
Deep WebеϢYԴ(j)īI(xin)[2]еķԾW(wng)j(lu)(sh)(j)(k)ĽY(ji)(gu)M(jn)д惦(ch)ôL(wn)r(sh)Ҫ(jng)^(gu)(sh)(j)(k)L(wn)ӿͨ治Deep Web(ni)ݵԭҲ䲻ͬWebM(jn)нҲ͟o(w)ȡÙzY(ji)(y)M(jn)ôҪ(sh)F(xin)(du)@NYԴ͵ϢȡҪijȡ߀Ҫ̎픵(sh)(j)(k)ԃӿڵĽ(wn)}·փɲM(jn)нB
2.1̎ԃӿ
Web䌍(sh)|(zh)Ǻ_(ti)(sh)(j)(k)ԃӿÑͨ^(gu)ԃӿݔ(yng)Ϣ(li)ԃ(sh)(j)(k)(ni)ȡͨ^(gu)ⶨƵıν(li)L(wn)(sh)(j)(k)
c(din)Է֞
2.1.1ͨ^(gu)P(gun)I~wķʹԃxظwY(ji)ԭԱ飺oԃqʹP(q)ʾ(du)ڲԃqi(w)صĽY(ji)(y)ռпܽY(ji)(y)ıôĿ(bio)njһ(g)ԃ(q1qqn)ʹ÷ؽY(ji)P(q1 V q2 VV qn)ֵڌ(sh)HԃУЃɷNP(gun)I~xԣһSC(j)ĺx~SC(j)xȡP(gun)I~ύԃΣһNm(yng)Բͨ^(gu)֮ǰԃصĽY(ji)y(c)xԃP(gun)I~ķ(y)攵(sh)ҵܷ?ci)?sh)ߵP(gun)I~m(yng)Բһ(g)Ӌ(j)^(gu)EϱSC(j)ԏ(f)s(j)īI(xin)[5]еČ(sh)(yn)Y(ji)Փ֪ԃwһҪ(yu)SC(j)
2.1.2(j)(du)ʽIJԃӿM(jn)еоY(ji)Ļڲԃӿģ͵ķ(ni)һ㺬³Ҋ(jin)ĿؼԪأıxбxo(f)xo@N(ni)NؼԪM(jn)Кw{ؼԪصĘ(bio)ԪغֵԘ(gu)һ(g)ԃӿģ͡ģ͵ʽԪP(gun)ϵMļϣF={(ED1)(E2,D2)(En,Dn)}F(dng)ǰΣEǘ(bio)ԪDֵ猣(sh)(j)(k)IJԃͨɌՈ(qng)̖(ho)QՈ(qng)(qun)˵Ԫؘ(gu)½Y(ji)(gu)ģͣ
F={({l(f)(sh)͌^O(sh)Ӌ(j)})
(Ո(qng)̖(ho)ַ)
(Qַ)
(Ո(qng)(qun)ˣַ)
())
@(g)ģ@(g)(sh)(j)(k)IJԃӿ(LV)ĶԪP(gun)ϵ(li)ʾݔεϢLǘ(bio)Vݔֵе(L,V)P(gun)ϵMɼLabel Value Set(Lvs)(du)ÿ(g)(bio)ԪEĘ(bio)L=label(E)(du)(yng)V={v1v2vn}ֵρ(li)Mݔlô(du)һ(g)Fпܵݔ뼯(F,Lvs)=V1v2vnҪݔ뼯ʹP({E1V1EnVn})=1-II(1Mv)MvֵvP(gun)@P(gun)ָԓݔֵcֵP(gun)ԣӋ(j)вͬČ(sh)F(xin)Ҋ(jin)ķӋ(j)P(gun)ԙ(qun)ԼӋ(j)ĊAǵȡ
2.2ȡY(ji)(gu)(sh)(j)
ϢȡϢҪ֞飺Y(ji)(gu)ϢY(ji)(gu)ϢɸʽıҪȡDeep WebYԴ(du)һY(ji)(gu)IJԃؾW(wng)(y)ʽ(du)M(jn)Ϣȡ(sh)HnjY(ji)(gu)W(wng)(y)(ni)ϢԽY(ji)(gu)ʽȡ(li)^(gu)
(j)MessageUnderstandingforComprehension(MUC)(du)ϢȡķϢȡă(ni)ݺͳȡϢľۼˮƽϢȡԷ֞(sh)wR(sh)e(Named Entity Recognition)Z(y)N(sh)wR(sh)e΄(w)(Multi-lingual Entity Task)ģԪ(Template Element)(coreference)ģP(gun)ϵ(TemplateRelation)龰ģ(scenario Template)@6NϷ(du)Deep WebϢȡɚw{
2.2.1(sh)wR(sh)eijȡ (sh)wR(sh)eϢȡеĻA(ch)ȡϵy(tng)ϢԴИ(bio)R(sh)(sh)w(yng)Č(sh)wM(jn)зڙzY(ji)(y)Уڴɘ(bio)עϢīI(xin)zY(ji)(y)(ni)}ժҪߵȺ͌zY(ji)(y)(ni)Ո(qng)?zh)_(ki)̖(ho)(qun)˵ڌ(sh)F(xin)һıR(sh)eߣ(bio)עıϢƥR(sh)e(li)ᘌ(du)(y)ͨʹt_(d)ʽƥ(bio)עַt_(d)ʽַQҎ(gu)_(d)ʽָÁ(li)ƥһϵзij(g)䷨Ҏ(gu)tַĆ(g)ַ_(d)ʽ(bio)ע(sh)wҲnj(du)ҪȡĔ(sh)(j)(yng)t_(d)ʽȻ(j)@Щt_(d)ʽͿ(sh)wķ(y)гȡ(li)@Nă(yu)c(din)t_(d)ʽ(gu)^(gu)̱^(jin)ΣzY(ji)(y)ϵ(sh)w(sh)һ㲻(hu)^(gu)30(g)ʹ@N܉ٵؘ(gu)ȡҿԱCܸߵĜ(zhn)_(Ҋ(jin)1)ȱc(din)(sh)wıʾt_(d)ʽľoһ(y)l(f)׃͵M(jn)И(bio)ע(do)³ȡȱͨ
2.2.2ģijȡMUC(du)Ϣȡķ ģԪָǏıгȡض͵Č(sh)wϢ@ЩϢA(y)ȶxČģģijȡĺľA(y)Ș(gu)ģ^(gu)ڌ(sh)F(xin)r(sh)ᘌ(du)(y)һȌZ(y)(sh)Z(y)(sh)ɳȡģ塣ھW(wng)(y)Ϣȡʹęn(du)ģ(Document ObjectModelDOM)(li)Z(y)(sh)dzõֶDOMęnе߉Y(ji)(gu)ù(ji)c(din)(sh)ʽM(jn)бͨ^(gu)(du)W(wng)(y)M(jn)н(y)еԪرD(zhun)DOMęnеĹ(ji)c(din)(du)ɵZ(y)(sh)ҲQDOM(sh)дȡ(ji)c(din)DOM(sh)dzȡģcַƥijȡ^ģijȡͨ^(gu)ģ@(g)ȡ(du)cȡ˾^ߵͨģهW(wng)(y)Y(ji)(gu)Ȼһľ
2.2.3龰ijȡ@龰(Scenario)ָҪȡضϢ(sh)w(sh)w֮gP(gun)ϵ@N_(ki)ϢdwıY(ji)(gu)ھϢă(ni)(lin)ϵ@NP(gun)ϵȡ(li)ԓC漰(sh)wĘ(bio)R(sh)(sh)wcͬ(chng)ϵͬ(sh)wgąģA(ch)ϵģԪgP(gun)ϵijȡɌ(sh)w¼䲢߀ԭ(g)¼ģ͵ȃ(ni)mȻĿǰӢijȡϵy(tng)(sh)w͌(sh)wP(gun)ϵR(sh)e_(d)ӽ(sh)õˮƽʹڌ(sh)w¼߀ԭ¼ģͷ漰ȻZ(y)̎еһЩĆ(wn)}ȡ߀д
N߀һЩϢȡģZ(y)ģ͵[Rɷģͺģ(jng)W(wng)j(lu)wԼԪ(sh)(j)(bio)ȳȡDeep WebϢ(ni)ҪɽY(ji)(gu)W(wng)(y)(gu)@ЩȡЩmЩǰ
3ģČ(sh)(j)ȡ(sh)(yn)
(du)ڌ(sh)(j)^ֵĶ惦(ch)ڌ(sh)(j)(k)(ni)Щͨ^(gu)W(wng)j(lu)(li)L(wn)Č(sh)(j)(k)(gu)Deep WebYԴһ֣ҺyʹϢȡ(du)@(sh)(j)M(jn)гȡ(du)ڌ(bo)оЎͬr(sh)Ҳ(yn)CY(ji)ϢȡЧ
@(du)(gu)(sh)(j)(k)(USPTO)Ї(gu)(sh)(j)(k)(ni)IJYԴM(jn)гȡO(sh)Ӌ(j)̎r(sh)](sh)(yn)Ҏ(gu)ģ](mi)вñv(g)(sh)(j)(k)ʽxһЩP(gun)I~I(lng)(ni)M(jn)С(ni)Ϣȡ(jng)ɷ(sh)(j)(k)IJԃΣP(gun)I~l(͵)bHTTP POST(sh)(j)(ni)l(f)͵(w)ȡ÷صęzY(ji)(y)ڌ(du)Y(ji)(y)M(jn)Ϣȡr(sh)ڱC(zhn)_ʵǰxm^ߵĻģijȡ(du)(y)M(jn)нɳȡģwE£
(y)D(zhun)QʹTidyȹߌHTMLʽķ(y)ȥ(y)D(zhun)QXMLXHTMLĸʽԷDOM(sh)ɡ
DOMvʹDOM߱vD(zhun)Qęn(ni)Ɍ(du)(yng)DOM(sh)(sh)ĽY(ji)(gu)D1ʾ
ɳȡģDOM(sh)ϲҪĹ(ji)c(din)üõP(gun)ڳȡ(ji)c(din)СDOM(sh)ģ塣шDlTDՈ(qng)̖(ho)TDՈ(qng)աȶ(bio)ڵ·ȥõĘ(sh)һw(y)ЌϢСDOM(sh)
ϢȡڵõȡģͿԌ(du)(g)zY(ji)(y)漯M(jn)гȡ(du)ÿ(g)(y)M(jn)ǰɲ̎õDOM(sh)(du)ȻСDOM(sh)ȡģȡØ(sh)ϸ(ji)c(din)ֵڳ?q)F(xin)r(sh)漰(sh)(ji)c(din)Ķλ(wn)}õķDzXPath߁(li)Q(du)XMLęnXSL(ɔU(ku)չʽZ(y)Extensible Stylesheet Language)ʹXPath(li)(bio)R(sh)XMLęnеԪλ(du)ڳȡģXPath_(d)ʽʽѸ(ji)c(din)λϢӛ(li)(du)ڙzY(ji)(y)ɵDOM(sh)Ϳʹø(j)ģõXPath_(d)ʽ(li)ҪĹ(ji)c(din)һһҵшDlՈ(qng)̖(ho)Ո(qng)Q_(ki)̖(ho)_(ki)@ׂ(g)(ji)c(din)λXPath_(d)ʽ(li)һ(g)µļϣ
ϱʾǸ(ji)c(din)λõһһ(du)(yng)P(gun)ϵеĔ(sh)̖(ho)ʾֵܹ(ji)c(din)(D1ͬһwӘ(sh)(ni)߅(ji)c(din)λӋ(j)1ֵܹ(ji)c(din)λӋ(j)(sh)f)ô(du)ѽ(jng)DOMęzY(ji)(y)棬ͿʹXPath_(d)ʽ(li)λ(ji)c(din)@ȡֵ
Ϸ(du)ɂ(g)(sh)(j)(k)IJ(sh)(j)M(jn)гȡõ(sh)(yn)Y(ji)2ʾ
(sh)(yn)(sh)(j)(li)Ԍ(du)ɂ(g)(sh)(j)(k)(ni)P(gun){wČ(sh)(j)ȡ100(xing)(gu)һ129(xing)P(gun)֪ٻ100129=77.5ԓ(sh)(j)(k)zY(ji)(y)汾ĽY(ji)(gu)ϲ^ԭܶ(y)ĴȡϢ(xing)(ȡ(ji)c(din)(sh))ͬ(do)³ȡģmԲֱӰ푳ȡ(zhn)_ʼȡӛP(gun)ӛռȡӛ䛔(sh)ıЇ(gu)(sh)(j)Ĝ(zhn)_ʺܸ_(d)98.7ԭԓ(sh)(j)(k)zY(ji)(y)Y(ji)(gu)y(tng)һÿ(g)(y)19(g)ȡϢ(xing)˳ȡģ匦(du)ړнy(tng)һY(ji)(gu)ęzY(ji)(y)܉(zhn)_ذÿһ(xing)Ϣȡ(li)Ɍ(sh)(yn)(sh)(j)֪(y)Y(ji)(gu)y(tng)һrģijȡܵõ^ߵĜ(zhn)_෴^(y)Y(ji)(gu)Ҳ˳ȡ(zhn)_ʡ
4Y(ji)Z(y)
ᘌ(du)DeepwebYԴϢȡY(ji)Ϣȡ^(gu)̎ԃӿںͳȡY(ji)(gu)(sh)(j)@ɂ(g)ҪEʹõļg(sh)(sh)CģijȡĿģijȡ^ߵĜ(zhn)_ģY(ji)(gu)ʹóȡ^õĿֲģɺͳȡ(zhn)_^(gu)هW(wng)(y)Y(ji)(gu)ľDeepwebY(ji)(gu)ľW(wng)j(lu)YԴȡеM(jn)һ(yng)áSȻZ(y)̎g(sh)M(jn)һl(f)չϢdwĽY(ji)(gu)Ϣ(ni)(lin)ϵijȡg(sh)һоc(din) 3.2D^W(xu)Փռ^(gu)еЇ(gu)
D^W(xu)cЇ(gu)D^(sh)`һxČW(xu)Y(ji)(gu)ݔ^(gu)̴½(jng)vׂ(g)AΣЇ(gu)ĬF(xin)(sh)Ҫ@ǰᡣfƬ(zhn)(zhng)(w)\(yn)(dng)Ї(gu)t(du)D^B׃ǰW(xu)(x)(chung)kʽD^ĩr(sh)ڹD^^ĂD^\(yn)(dng)dֱ1919Ļ\(yn)(dng)ԁ(li)(du)D^W(xu)ՓM(jn)Ї(gu)F(xin)D^Փ͌(sh)`^(gu)ʼKSΌW(xu)(x)Ć(wn)}@зe۵Ľ(jng)(yn)ͽӖ(xn)ڮ(dng)D^W(xu)оЇ(gu)Ć(wn)}Ѕr(ji)ֵڂռŬͻD^ՓļW(xu)g(sh)棬ٷʹďVP(gun)ע@漰Z(y)D(zhun)QD(zhun)QĆ(wn)}ζW(xu)߂HҪڌW(xu)g(sh)һչ֣߀ҪڌW(xu)g(sh)֮۰l(f)F(xin)(wn)}CͨtW(xu)挦(du)Ї(gu)D^(sh)`r(sh)ױF(xin)Щe(cu)λo(w)@Ї(gu)о^(gu)Ҫͺĵһh(hun)wF(xin)Ї(gu)D^(sh)`ĬF(xin)(sh)ҪcW(xu)֮gď
D^W(xu)֪R(sh)wϵF(xin)һ̶ȵռȫ(gu)УO(sh)ĈD^W(xu)TʿѳҎ(gu)ģձԹl(f)չĻA(ch)(du)Ї(gu)(hu)ν(jng)(j)l(f)չ(li)ĈD^I(y)(wn)}@ĿǰЇ(gu)(wn)}֮zW(xu)g(sh)Ŀǰ(l)o(j)90ԁ(li)F(xin)ԒZ(y)ڈD^W(xu)еļӺ͑(yng)g(sh)D^W(xu)ƌW(xu)D^W(xu)ĈD^W(xu)鮔(dng)ǰЇ(gu)D^W(xu)оԒZ(y)͟o(w)һಽڅČW(xu)g(sh)ՓD^܌W(xu)һ(g)dоI(lng)Դ1986ҿȷg(gu)W(xu)xġD^܌W(xu)
3.3D^W(xu)ƌW(xu)x(jng)(yn)оЇ(gu)
D^W(xu)ՓǾwģͬr(sh)ҲƌW(xu)x(jng)(yn)оĂy(tng)СͨtȻ@ЩСͨtԵՓmȻƌW(xu)һЇ(gu)ć(gu)@ͨtЇ(gu)(jng)(yn)±CͳɞD^W(xu)оЇ(gu)Ҫn}҂J(rn)飬ЩγɵġƌW(xu)ՓP(gun)ՓֻЇ(gu)(wn)}ąo(w)ɱwF(xin)ՓcЇ(gu)(sh)`֮gľo磬Ԫ(sh)(j)һN^֪R(sh)MՓ(qing){(dio)Č(du)N(f)sʽ֪R(sh)ĸʽڬF(xin)(sh)֪R(sh)M^(gu)вЇ(gu)ˣͨÑܺڡԡr(sh)Ї(gu)DͲǡʽġ硰ˇԡ@(g)һ(j)䌍(sh)·֡ŷNīI(xin)˂Ǹ(j)ԁ(li)P(gun)ڡˇĽMɡͿӵP(gun)ϵν̻ϵĹܵȣĻ(li)@һԡīI(xin)硶Ď(k)Ŀ??Ԋ(sh)u(png)ԡĵīI(xin)˱M֪ġĵc˂(du)Ԋ(sh)u(png)x·īI(xin)[8]mȻԡƌW(xu)Ļ\(yn)(dng)нһ(g)o(j)ĕr(sh)g܂y(tng)ĻѬµЇ(gu)֪R(sh)ȻAT硰ˇԡԊ(sh)u(png)ǘӵĽ(jng)(yn)ܶƌW(xu)x[µij⡣@ԺܺõؽʲôıĸN֪R(sh)(dng)\(yn)Ї(gu)D^(sh)`r(sh)ןo(w)ɹ(sh)
4Y(ji)Z(y)
D^W(xu)оЇ(gu)緶(ni)D^W(xu)оһ(g)n}(dng)ȫ˳һNͷA(y)ڵȫЧ(yng)M(jn)屾λ(chng)ĈD^W(xu)Ї(gu)P(gun)ѡD^W(xu)оЇ(gu)(wn)}HYԴh(yun)Ҍh(yun)@D^W(xu)a(chn)ĚvʷW(xu)Y(ji)(gu)QġD^W(xu)оЇ(gu)ă(ni)ݰ_SĿǰЇ(gu)оc(din)(yng)ԓD(zhun)ƵŬl(f)F(xin)Ї(gu)(dng)ضr(sh)ضD^(sh)`(wn)}ȥCЩһЇ(gu)D^W(xu)оĵͨt
īI(xin)
[1]ο.D^W(xu)W(xu)ƽO(sh)Ҫ.D(bo),1998(1):1.
[2]Ɲ.ՓD^W(xu).Dc(bo),2005(4):13-16.
[3]Ɲ.ԇՓD^W(xu)Ŀc.D^s־,2004, (11):2-7.
[4]ϏV,.(gu)D^W(xu)(bo)W(xu)оM(jn)չ.:D^,1999:64-114.
[5](gu)x.l(f)~.D^,1926(1):1.
[6]U.ȫDDĺ. (gu),콨A,g.̄(w)ӡ^,2001:57.
[7]˹.ȫW(wng)j(lu)Ļc:ĻԪ,(du)x,ԼһNȫϣ.A,g.ϺW(xu)W(xu)(bo),2006(5):11-23.
[8]st.ԡеĺīI(xin).W(xu)D^W(xu)(bo),2004(4):69-72.
P(gun)~ȡ о Ϣ ģ𡡣ףϢȡо deepwebW(wng)ֲ(jng)v deepwebW(wng)朽
c(din)x