ģЇ`Ҏ(gu)ƶȷcĸ˼·
l(f)rg:2020-06-05 Դ: ժ c
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LUƵP(gun)Iڸĸ籣ƶȵĴܣһҪ{(dio)y(tng)~Y(ji)ϵƶȽY(ji)(gu)ʹ֮܉߽y(tng)IӴΣ
ҪMĸͶYƶ~YͶY
ǑԓMҎ(gu)籣ƶ\йɱC(gu)\еО
P(gun) I ~籣ƶȸĸ 籣YͶY 籣Ӌ YЈ
Ї籣Y`Ҏ(gu)ɞȫP(gun)עһcȻv^l(f)_(jng)wϰĚvʷʹ籣ƶȡ족ij˾GDPҲֻЎǧԪĚvʷAҲrȫ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)ӛ
200611Ӌʡ籣YӋĽY(ji)@ʾ71.35|Ԫ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)
ĿǰҌӋ_ʼhмMȫ挏Ӌ2006nj29ʡֱݠк5ӋеB(yng)ϡt(y)ʧI(y)@헻Ӌ AӋ2007֮ǰ
Ҏ(gu)Ɯy@ΌӋY(ji)϶2006ČӋ^@ΌӋČ2006Ľy(tng)IӼ߀ҪӋUNbĿǰЇ籣y(tng)IҪԿhмy(tng)I@ஔ̶ǛQ@ΌӋY(ji)ݘ^һ(j)ஔ?sh)ıȻԡ?/p>
2006Ϻ籣ֻLJҌӋ籣YMЌӋČ֮һԇDͨ^Ӌ汩¶`Ҏ(gu)YMзTeط̽ӵƶȸԴҳ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)ijNȻԣMoҎ(gu)`Ҏ(gu)LUƶȸĸ˼·
һЇ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)Ҫ
@ďVxvġϿɷ֞3֣һָԵĻUƶȵUYB(yng)t(y)ʧI(y)UY@Ї籣ƶеĵһ֧ͶYƷdzֻ܅f(xi)hُIָڶ֧I(y)aB(yng)cat(y)UY@Ը͵ıUӋͶY^2004ڄϲɂԇkl(f)֮ǰ]ʲô˺ЈƵҎ(gu)ȫݠ3000|ԪֱهԺһYYҎ(gu)tЈͶYҎ(gu)Ǒ(zhn)ԃYĿǰț]֧ʹc籣ƶ\Л]κP(gun)ϵһf籣Yڃ(ni)ĪMxv@Ҳ(jng)I(y)I(y)еҲȫЈͶYƶ˽˲TҎ(gu)ģ^С2006מ910|Ԫ
YͶYcȫ𡱺2004Ժڶ֧I(y)ЈͶYIJRҪЈLU\LUһ֧UYRĄtҪƶLULU@Ŀǰһ֧籣UYcǰLUдڵҪ^(q)eS籣YҎ(gu)ģIJUڱO(jin)YԴȶl׃rYҎ(gu)ģĔUԭڵìܺ͆}u@ԻJ`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)uɻȻڅڱȻ
ӋY(ji)@ʾ `Ҏ(gu)~Ӌ71.35|Ԫɷ֞һǡ]ЌЌ`Ҏ(gu)Y27.13|к3.76|ԪԭИI(y)B(yng)ϱUy(tng)IY(ji)δƽؔռ38.02
ǡ`Ҏ(gu)ͶYռ27.3219.49|ͶY11.48|ԪίнڙC(gu)Jδջ1.89|Ԫ(jng)kI(y)0.68|ԪίнڙC(gu)J͌ͶY5.44|Ԫ
ڏa֧ȱ16.69|Ԫռ23.39%
ژ(gu)k÷͏a(jng)M`Ҏ(gu)a(chn)cᣩ6.54.64|Ԫ
ռ`Ҏ(gu)~95.23%
ڹy~Ŀȫԭɵēpʧ@Щ·IJ5%ՈҊ1
ӋY(ji)ஔ?sh)ĴԺ͵ٽocҪY(ji)Փһ`Ҏ(gu)YпطLUwLUҪԴ^@һǰ`Ҏ(gu)ٵطО飬ռ`Ҏ(gu)Y95%漰Ҏ(gu)ҪɹˮƽB(ti)ȵȷƶ،µ`Ҏ(gu)(sh)tsֻ5%
ڶӋ挢1999һޣڴ֮ǰl(f)`Ҏ(gu)}~23.47|Ԫռ33%ڴ֮47.88|Ԫռ67%@ބxڣ1999ǰ`Ҏ(gu)YҪǚvʷz}Ԓ2000֮F(xin)`Ҏ(gu)Ҫƶȱɵ1999֮ǰؔՕӋƶвȫһЩطڱUֵֵҪίؔͶYF(xin)^DռŲû`Ҏ(gu)ܶ»ջ
@cY(ji)ՓԿY(ji)ǷdzҪģnjǰ籣YȫLUƶԴ^һӳ䣺ǰЇ籣YҪLUƶOӋIJSyԿ˷ϵKͱײɴˌ˱طĵLUM籣Yȫ{cɞһƶȰSЇ籣ƶOӋһЩ(ni)ƶȱݡ֮c籣ƶȱ^͕l(f)F(xin)@Щ(ni)ȱnj`Ҏ(gu)ҪƶȸԴһıȻ
Ї籣Y`Ҏ(gu)ƶԭ
`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ǰƶOӋµ`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ڹˮƽƶ©µݔͺ|(zh)`Ҏ(gu)
1籣y(tng)IӴ̫
Ї籣UԵطy(tng)IB(yng)Ϻt(y)ҪUNԿhy(tng)IB(yng)Ϻt(y)Ă~Y⣩1991ԺCl(f)33̖ġP(gun)I(y)B(yng)ϱUƶȸĸěQҪeO(chung)lĿǰпhy(tng)I^ɵʡy(tng)IȻ16^ȥy(tng)Iˮƽyzδӣͣڿhмˮƽ
mȻ҂JR߽y(tng)IˮƽҪԣڴ˺ЇԺͲίeļжÿÿҪhмˮƽߵʡڞ֮^16֮҂l(f)F(xin)y(tng)Iˮƽ߀Ǜ]ʲôɫ
hy(tng)IζH籣y(tng)IQߺͲǶ_ǧhеطζǧy(tng)IλԌ籣Y𮋵؞Ԟ(zhn)
rǣÿy(tng)IλYUYҷ]ͪ\Ϛwٲͬġġ̎fڡKKAĿhy(tng)IֳF(xin)˺ÎׂUNAġllټr(nng)ĺt(y)B(yng)YĪÿKKy(tng)IλִUNġllڡLUcǏȫ籣YڵġLUc_fӋY(ji)H]ЌЌ`Ҏ(gu)Y~_38.02@ǽy(tng)IӴε͌µ͵`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ǗlKeķɢƬֱӽY(ji)
ط`Ҏ(gu)wζ^`o`Ҏ(gu)ěQɮ?sh)ŲڷyI(y)ǰl(f)ŸNaֱa(chn)ͶYO(jin)ܵĵطT籣ƶ\еĈ(zh)wYLUҪԴ^ڙM2000y(tng)IλfLUcڿvȫ籣YıO(jin)܌Ӵζ_4ڿhмy(tng)IУ@ġСҪָhУF(xin)ؼнy(tng)Iٔ(sh)罭Kʡֱ5^(q)γбݠ6hУɞ6y(tng)IλDZ7y(tng)Iλ @ЇĿǰ籣YĿvӼHγʡеh@һ4ӼY(ji)(gu)O(jin)ܲT2000y(tng)IλıO(jin)ܿgʡеɼ
@Nv4ӼO(jin)ܡ͙MƬwơF(xin)ɵĺҪЃɂһǿvϢfؓpʧO(jin)ȺЧfp댦ط̈́ڄӱϲTֻИI(y)ָ(qun)oݠ(qun)طx`Ҏ(gu)Оo֪ԣooܞ]ЌЌ֮ռ`Ҏ(gu)Y~1/3طyж^_ɵǙMγɵfƬ،µطA(qun)Ľ^[λλGDPߟoϵĭh(hun)طʹùĿ˾͕cĿĿ˰l(f)_ͻa(chn)xȡNk׃ͨǧӋͻԴ_طĽ(jng)Ŀ˺Ŀ
y(tng)IӴεζ籣Yʹ{(dio)ϳʵط(j)B(ti)ټ籣YUwƵĶԪY(ji)(gu)͡lK΄ݸs
@ǽy(tng)IӴε͵һF(xin)ҲƶOӋϵһ(ni)ȱݡЇ籣MUwһ֞ĬF(xin)һ̶όYĚwϽ⡢֧Th(hun)(ji)ϳF(xin)}Ƥ؟β㕽ӲӋY(ji)ָ16.20|籣MC(gu)δҎ(gu)rgD(zhun)댣͌@NrϺ籣ԺMYĸ߶ҕѳɞһҪHƙ(qun)߀ڿhмطLUԴƶOӋȻ
緶oՓǿhy(tng)IˮƽġKK߀籣MUġԪwơ@ȫһٶ籣ƶЎǽ^oHеȫy(tng)I͌cUһԪwκ·Һκ籣ģʽֻٔ(sh)ׂcһ㶐ջϹ\еһͨt
ȫy(tng)I籣Yy(tng)սy(tng)֧Yһ
һcһ֧P֧ȫy(tng)IĻcЇʹԇcĖ|ʡ Ҳ]ЌF(xin)xϵʡy(tng)Iʡֻһ{(dio)(qun)y(tng)IH߀пhաȻ`Ҏ(gu)õͶYУҲSrǞֵֵYʹЧʺ^әCõġ
籣ƶȽy(tng)IӴε߀ӰCc(wn)ϵKڄ˿ڮD(zhun)ƽm(x)P(gun)ϵdzy˿ڮB(yng)t(y)ɞ鲻^(q)gИI(y)gĴʮ@ѳɞɕһcҲyʮȫĵ2020wl(xing)籣wϵϵKr(nng)ȺwԸ˱ƶȸwyԔUr(nng)ȫĜpؕI^ͣ
2ͶYƶȲ
1996412ՇԺkdCl(f)ġP(gun)һЩ^(q)DռŲUȆ}ͨkl(f)[1996]6̖Ҏ(gu)UY(ji)ҪُI҂ȯُI҂ȯнY(ji)đҎ(gu)y~κʽͶYڴ֮ǰԺP(gun)I(y)B(yng)ϱUƶȸĸ֪ͨl(f)[1995]6̖ؔڄӲP(gun)ڼӏI(y)UͶYĕҎ(gu)[1994]ֵؔ59̖ҲƵҎ(gu)ʮ^ȥwYҎ(gu)ģЈh(hun)yԵȃ(ni)ⲿlѰl(f)ش׃@ӵͶYҎ(gu)ͻ؈Ѳm籣ƶȵҪf(xi)hُIͶYƴڃɂش}һ̫ͣH2-3%ңصֵı˅˵ʣӰˡT⡱͘I(y)ˆTķeO籣Uw湤Ч@ɗlͶYʵͣҷdzͨڲy]ƶȱϣyԌF(xin)y^ʣr¡
`Ҏ(gu)ͶYڌӋY(ji)֮λӵڶ_27.32ͶYƶȲoҪԭ֮һĿǰͶYҎ(gu)y(tng)IY~YӅ^(q)ֵؽy(tng)y(tng)څf(xi)hُI@ɂ@Ny(tng)IY~Yȡy(tng)~һͶYҎ(gu)nj~ķe籣ƶȵć(zhn)(c̎xһ)
njy(tng)~Y(ji)ƶȺϷԵć|(zh)hm籣ƶȲַe|(zh)Ҫ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)˾g
ˣǧy(tng)IλAĵطγ˸ͶY_ʹһЩطڱֵֵҪͻͶYȡһ׃ͨ`Ҏ(gu)О\ȡ^ߵ@ɞһҎ(gu)t_ܣ2004VЃɕg˴|(zh)ɵ8|Ԫ籣YI\ Ϻ籣34.5|Ԫ ٵVǰ10.18|ԪŲõ ܶ`Ҏ(gu)ٿݵͶYƶOӋ
ĿǰЇ籣YͶYƶȵćfa]гГăɂ؟ΣһǛ]гГ籣ƶƶһ^Եġy(tng)~xͶYߵ؟ΣһǛ]гГͶYƶOӋһ^ͶYߵ؟
@һȲҲͶYҎ(gu)ʮ겻׃yԱֵyԲɵط׃ͨcQ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)һLU
c~y(tng)I־кٷ|(zh)ڇғָ(sh)oĻƶȣǵһ֧еĵһӼ~ǵڶӼͶYYa(chn)ÑɇؔԱCЏҵġCB(yng)Ͻ𡱵Č
κθӏ~ʽ֧籣ƶЬF(xin)լF(xin)ƵĽy(tng)Iֶڙ(qun)һת(wn)y(tng)һҾ^ʵıֵֵ
@LJekF(xin)լF(xin)y(tng)Iֵһж؟ΣHH֮ƶһ߱
~ֵOǞˏ˵؟ӏUMc֮g(lin)ϵF(xin)籣ƶؔտɳm(x)
ijNxfO~Ŀ֮һǞʹ֮܉MЈͶYеİl(f)_籣ƶ~ĿĎĪ⣬ȡcy(tng)IYһӵͶYԾஔ̶ʧȥO~ĿĺxǮͶYʵµòͨÛʵĕr
3cƶȱp
һͶ`Ҏ(gu)YƶȸԴքeڽy(tng)IӴ̫ͺͶYƶȲ`Ҏ(gu)YƶȸԴtҪӼ^ƶȱp(zh)ԭɵ
һŲ籣Ya֧ȱڣǴJR`^(q)͈(zh)ĽY(ji)Ŀǰƶȼܘ(gu)ڎUNĽy(tng)IӴζڿhӴ@͞طijUN^a(chn)ΣCr˻֧ķl֧ײUһA֧ͱ˴ŲԏaһrF(xin)AYȱ猏ӋY(ji)ָB(yng)ϡt(y)ʧI(y)@헻UUڡat(y)𡱵ĿYռ23.39%ȫˮƽĽy(tng)IlƶȵֿLU^Y^籣Y{(dio)ʽҪʿvʽ헻(ni)ɌȫĿv{(dio)ƽ^ٲȡM֧{(dio)ڵˮƽy(tng)IlA෴⣬طنTJRƫҲһҪԭ`Ҏ(gu)wط籣YͨĹYŲc֧㱻ȻĹО
ڶ籣YŲڏak(jng)MIJƶȱpA㲻Ҏ(gu)ĽY(ji)Ӌڵλ`Ҏ(gu)DŽ籣YڏakI(y)(jng)MIJoՓŲُk÷߀ak(jng)M@Ȼe`һҎ(gu)Ј(jng)ؔw£籣֧MÑԓ{뵽ƶȰ֮뵽֮ؔУx̶Ck(jng)MijԺҎ(gu)ԣɱc籣Y֮gһ
mȻ@`Ҏ(gu)^ͣHռ6.5f籣ƶȵɱ߀]м{뵽ؔҕҰ]JR_M֧AҪԣ]ϵ@һп܌a(chn)`Ҏ(gu)ŲõԭƶɱijԺҎ(gu)Ԇ}ܲTʡпh籣ƶȰŲһ־klú͘I(y)ս(jng)Mǵط籣(jng)kC(gu)һLnjijЩط`Ҏ(gu)ŲõһŲ籣Ya֮oe`ģط籣C(gu)MбҪͶxգҲǵط؟
ڵط籣ϵy(tng)ؔoJRƫԭSط籣(jng)kC(gu)oʹÅλṩk÷OĬF(xin)eطГMD(zhun)U֮
ˮƽTƶ©³F(xin)ݔ͡һy~ĿȫɓpʧĸԭڹˮƽһƶOӋķNNcƌWȻ³F(xin)һЩƶ©a(chn)ݔ¸ͷy~Ŀȫ@ȿ漰ϵy(tng)Ĺˮƽǂ齨Oc|(zh)Ć}Ҳ漰B(ti)߀漰D(zhun)܉rڵƶȽO}ƶȲҎ(gu)T©،Q^ȱͿƌWȱO(jin)cƼsC@`Ҏ(gu)YımȻHռ5%Ӗ̵
߽y(tng)Iˮƽʩɲߡ(zhn)
籣ƶȰŴஔsĆ}5`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ஔ?sh)ıȻԣ?br>ƶOӋȱ̲Է⣬YȫԆ}ͲĸϽQ`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)͌ɞһyԸɞһNB(ti)ʼKSЇЈ(jng)AεvʷMҪֹ`Ҏ(gu)ͱ籣ƶȼܘ(gu)ĸĸ@ǶŽ^`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ƶȱC
1߽y(tng)Iˮƽɲߑ(zhn)ԡʡy(tng)IF(xin)һ
籣YʹùώЇҶnjȫy(tng)Iģôʡе⣩ ƺֻЇΨһ2000пhKKy(tng)Iƶȵć
WһЩҵИI(y)y(tng)IλmȻҲʡƬ@NllƬcЇKKƬϲͬUNHǡlKƬȣՓvLUĎʺжقll͉KKжقLUcښWޡlly(tng)IĿvֱO(jin)ҵĿֱӵģЇhмKKƬy(tng)I4ӴαO(jin)ܽY(ji)(gu)ėl籣YLUcʱ(sh)ɿԸ@@Ї籣Y`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ښWҵһԭĿǰЇ籣ƶcȴڵһҪ
MܡllİȫԱȡKKһЩ҂Ѳ˻ص1997ǰ11ИI(y)y(tng)Iĸ ǚvʷĮa(chn)һ(yu)xĿǰõxߡKKĽy(tng)IӼMF(xin)ȫy(tng)I
ڃ(ni)ⲿl׃籣ƶȃ(ni)Y(ji)(gu)ӵėl£F(xin)ȫy(tng)IˮƽDZ^ynjF(xin)籣ƶMнY(ji)(gu)Ը죬mԪ(jng)ˮƽغc^(q)֮g(jng)l(f)չˮƽƽĶԪY(ji)(gu)^͵Ľy(tng)IӴҎ(gu)ܵLUxIJ֮etؔؓНڵĔUڅݣؔD(zhun)֧500|ϣ
bڽy(tng)IӴஔ̶ϛQȫԵĬF(xin)pٝڡLUc͡LUԴĎʹ֮܉ڿɿط(ni)Ԍʩ߽y(tng)IӴΡɲߡ(zhn)ȡeOʩӵȴƳҎ(gu)Orgһڎ(ni)M쌍F(xin)ʡy(tng)I2-3꣩ĿǰЇĸɲƶcwƻͬɲQˌY`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)`Ҏ(gu)wĿyȫЧ|(zh)fYLUĿnj`Ҏ(gu)wطنTĹhy(tng)Iߵʡy(tng)IڸɲY϶pكɌӣy(tng)IλLUԴăǧpٵ30ɲҲͬpكɌYLUʌp١@һʡy(tng)IĶwϵYwһA(ni)ɱֲ׃10-15꣩
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F(xin)ʡy(tng)IĿǾ߂ģԲȡһeOʩһ̶Ͽ˷ͱLUxһЇĿǰԪY(ji)(gu)ĻcҪرF(xin)ږ|^(q)gİl(f)չϣ֮ʡ(ni)ҪhhСʡH|^(q)gIJ@һcQʡy(tng)IµLUxİl(f)ҪhhСȫy(tng)I
ڶֹʡy(tng)ILUһҪʩӋƽYˮƽrһҪԵԿhλҪʡƽYˮƽʣԼ(jng)l(f)չˮƽߵеؿhUMȵҎ(gu)ܵLUİl(f)
ֻҪ؟Ρ䌍ʡʡпhɲc䌦пhYUrϢջnjQcĿǰ4ܘ(gu)¡ɼO(jin)wȺЧҲǺͬնZ
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߽y(tng)Iˮƽɲߡ(zhn)Oڽy(tng)~Y(ji)ƶȱֲ׃ǰ䌍߀һY(ji)(gu)ĸij·ԲȡһλF(xin)ȫy(tng)Iđ(zhn)Ŀ֮ԷQ֮顰Y(ji)(gu)ĸ ָĿǰ(zhn)籣ƶȼy(tng)~Y(ji)ϵġܡM^Ҏ(gu)ģ{(dio)˼·ǿsСy(tng)IҎ(gu)ģcֱusСȡy(tng)I֣c͆TUMȫ낀~ͬrUMĿǰ28%{(dio)ƶM롰TUƶȸw2020F(xin)wl(xing)籣wϵ(chung)l
ҵÿԴ֮һһ㶐յġUM͡ġAB(yng)Ͻy^ġ֧ ԭҳГ؟εĽy(tng)IPJֻҪ籣ƶOӋ܉m(jng)Y(ji)(gu)Ԫć飬F(xin)ƶȾͲHǿеDZҪġ
3u׃Ŀǰ籣Upw߽y(tng)IıȻҪ
y(tng)Iˮƽ͡ζӺ⣺һָYʹùԵط^(q)λġKKy(tng)IָYʹùИI(y)λġlly(tng)IȚWއҴr編ИI(y)y(tng)Iλȫ籣ƶȴs1500y(tng)IӋMɡָMUwɵطQy(tng)һQ
籣UwoǴ@ӎNģʽһ籣Tؓ؟Uĵw
ǽy(tng)һɶղTӢw
ίΙC(gu)ķw֮gӆՅf(xi)h
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Zheng Bingwen, Assessment for Social Security Pilot in Jilin and Hei Longjiang of China,(c̎xһ)
in China & World Economy, 65-77, Vol.14, No.5, 2006.
ӢĘ}c(ni)Ҫ
Institutional Analysis of The Irregularities of Social Security Fund and Reform of Regulatory Framework
Zheng Bingwen
Abstract
Given the irregularities in operation of social security funds revealed by the 2006 audit report published by China National Auditing Office, this article rethinks Chinese social security system and analyses its structural defect. It finds that the root cause of irregular operation of social security funds lies in the unreasonable system design and the consequent problems, mainly, low level of social pooling, nonscientific investment rules, absence of regulatory framework. These defects result in various irregularities, even conflicts of interests and corruption. This article points out that social security funds currently face two main risks, i.e. administrative risk and institutional risk. This article argues that the key to risk control lies in the restructuring of the basic social security framework: first, adjust and restructure the combinational system of social pooling with individual accounts, increase pooling level so as to ensure compliance; second, reform the investment rule for opportunity of higher return; finally, accelerate legislation so as to regulate the administrative cost of social security system and the behavior of its agencies.
Key word
Social Security Reform, Investment of Social Security Fund, Corruptive Case in Social Security Administration, Audit Report on Social Security Fund, Capital Market
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