ʷЇ˵r(ji)ֵ^
l(f)r(sh)g:2020-06-17 Դ: ժ c(din)
(sh)Cо(bo) Lſ˴W(xu)ΌW(xu)ʷ콡
ʷ콡
80ЇJ(rn)Ȍƺ
ţЇ(jng)^30ĸĸ_һ(g)]һ(hu)D(zhun)׃?yu)_ŶԪ(hu)ڽ(jng)(j)Ρ(hu)涼l(f)˾׃w(yng)ģ˵^ΑB(ti)ҲF(xin)˴D(zhun)׃@Щ׃һֱ܇W(xu)P(gun)ע(zh)̶ҪоЇΣܷĺ^ҕՄ?w)Їΰl(f)չԼ˵r(ji)ֵ^׃
ʷǴҶP(gun)ĵһ(g)}Їһ(g)ʲôrҏ1990ǰ_ʼ˺ܶ(sh)CоҎ(gu)ģһ2002ꡣ
1991K(lin)|W׃W(xu)һdzĕСvʷĽKY(ji)vK|ĵ_(ti)Yx(hu)xɺͼ(qun)֮gĠՓĄ˚vʷĽKY(ji)@(g)ı¼¿ҫ⽻һλ1994һ(g)LՄ@(g)^ĚvʷKY(ji)˲ͬҫJ(rn)ĻĻஔ(dng)IJͬĻځẃΰl(f)չ(hu)a(chn)ஔ(dng)Ӱ푡@(g)ՄԒȫ˷dzķ푺͠ՓЇ(ni)Ҳһ(g)^ĠՓՓҪ}ĻĻЛ]ʲôͬͬĻځl(f)չʲôӰ푣
ţ@ՓʲôY(ji)む(g)ˌ@(g)}ô
ʷĿǰֹpĠՓҪՓƌ(do)M(jn)еںܶr]Ќ(sh)Cо֧֡^r(ji)ֵ^ՓЛ]ʲô(j)2002҂Їһ(g){(dio){(dio)ĽY(ji)҂l(f)F(xin)һ(g)^ֵĬF(xin)
҂Їϰգ@Щfһ(g)ĿwƿDZwƺ
Щrһ(g)ƵҪ
wҲãwҲ߶һӣشĽY(ji)^80J(rn)飬wƱȌwƺwmԼćҡҏƽ(sh)ڱ{(dio)ā5(g)Һ_(ti)۵^(q)УЇꑵϰՌJ(rn)ͬκҺ͵^(q)
ţ@Dzf(sh)ЇJ(rn)(yng)ԓ(sh)
ʷоֻ@Ȼǿ϶ġ@ӵо(yn)֔(jn)һ(g)zĽ䡱?yn)@ӵоֻ˽]˽⡰ĹoǴJ(rn)ãǬF(xin)҂ҵЛ]˰l(f)F(xin)𰸣҂O(sh)Ӌ(j)һ(g)}1ȫ10ȫJ(rn)ćҺ͵^(q)Ŀǰl(f)չij̶ô
҂198719952002@(g)ͬr(sh)gЇꑵ̶l(f)F(xin)1987ĕr(sh)ƽ(sh)c(din)
1995꣬ƽ(sh)׃c(din)
2002ƽ(sh)׃c(din)@(g)ش҂l(f)F(xin)ЇϰҪͬr(sh)J(rn)ЇF(xin)Ĺoஔ(dng)ځ5̓ɂ(g)^(q)ŵڶ
һ(g)(hu)ҪǺεȡQȡQڹ֮gIJ҂һĹ҂l(f)F(xin)ЇoIJ࣬˂ǘǷdzġһ(g)dz˼İl(f)F(xin)Һ͵^(q)Уֻһ(g)ط_(ti)˂XĹo^̫
ţ@(g)Y(ji)ܳܶ˵㌦@һ(g)Y(ji)νx
ʷ콡ʲôЇˌour(ji)ڶ(sh)އҺ͵^(q)ur(ji)ʲôЇĹìܲ҂ô҂Ѓɂ(g)Փf@(g)F(xin)һ(g)ǡՓ?yn)Їںܶ˿һ(g)ɵćôһ(g)^ćP(gun){(dio)飬ϰڻش}ĕr(sh)ܕ(hu)f(sh)Ԓ]f
@(g)fǿԙz(yn)һ(g)ָ(bio)wϵϰDzǺӰ푲Ӱ@(g)}Ļش҂һ(g)}u²±˴С(bo)20f߀Ǻµġһ(g)u±С(bo)һ(do)һشЇǷ҂һ(g)dzεĽy(tng)Ӌ(j)W(xu)z(yn)@(g)}ǿһ(g)ˌ҇our(ji)ͺ֮gP(gun)ϵ(sh)߀ؓ(f)ĺ(do)²f(sh)Ԓ@(g)(yng)ԓP(gun)ġfԽԽfЇ֮ؓ(f)P(gun)ԽԽ(yng)ԓfЇ҂ĽY(ji)ؓ(f)P(gun)f²ܽ@(g)}
ЇϰҪx
ţҲfϰՌЇour(ji)ߣ߀Ƿӳ挍(sh)뷨
ʷ콡(yng)ԓ҂ĵڶ(g)ՓfǣЇϰՌĶxĶxDzһӵϰՌⲻһӣҲͲһvҪܺЩ֪R(sh)xϵһЩ^(q)e
˙z(yn)@(g)f҂O(sh)Ӌ(j)һ(g)}ЩJ(rn)Ըķ҂ćңгķNՈĿΣ1.^xeQlI(lng)(do)
2.U˴xeɌҁQһ
3.Sͬh֮gQl(zh)
4.܊(du)y(tng)·
҂@Ă(g)}֞ɽM13ҽ24֧֪(d)áf(d)ÿһwôͿԏՓϼٶһ(d)ã@ɽM}P(gun)ϵ(sh)͑(yng)ԓ1҂ЇĔ(sh)(j)l(f)F(xin)@ɽM}P(gun)ϵ(sh)dzС
ţ@ôЇϰDz(d)@(g)ƺfͨ
ʷ@漰ՓЃɷNxһ(g)ܱػ˵ijcP(gun)ϵx齻QP(gun)ϵxeΨһĺϷԴȪͬЈϰճM(jn)иҪԼǷϳM(jn)Дࡣһ(g)Їпϵ˼ܶо߶f˼nj(sh)HϣcЃɂ(g)Ҫą^(q)eһP(gun)ϵxP(gun)ϵ
ڶĺϷҪߵă(yu)ôõę(qun)ǷdzҪߵǷǘ(bio)(zhn)ҲǷϳ䱾|(zh)Ҳ^Č(sh)|(zh)
ôЇϰՌĶxʲô҂һ(g)_}Ҷvfָʲôl(f)F(xin)ֻв12˱_(d)dz
6.3J(rn)ƺdictator(d)ߣ
22.9J(rn)ָľɣ
55˄tJ(rn)Qߵĕr(sh)r(sh) ȡҊ(yng)ԓ(w)@һN⣬Փ߳Փܽ@Пo(qun)benevolentdictator
ţ@Dz?yn)Їϰ՛]н(jng)v^֪ʲôdz
ʷ˕(hu)fһ(g){(dio)ϰՌĸJ(rn)֪ܶƶ?yn)]н(jng)v^Բʲô(hu)J(rn)ɣ^ƶ׃Ҳ(hu)׃ġQ֮҂Їꑵİl(f)F(xin)ƶȲɵġ
ƶԭܲܽ҂İl(f)F(xin)?yn)҂_(ti)ҲͬӵĆ}҂_(ti)Ĕ(sh)(j)ʹꑵĔ(sh)(j)M(jn)б^_(ti)1987_ʼl(f)չ2002ѽ(jng)15r(sh)gɵصĽY(ji)ƣǾͲܰԭwƶ^ĽY(ji)@ʾ_(ti)ˌJ(rn)֪ʹꑻһֻв14J(rn)xeƺ⡣Ќɵ˰xͬr(sh)33.7˻ش ȡҊ(w)QԒfஔ(dng)һ_(ti)vĕr(sh)Ҳǿϵ˼ʲô棬(w)@ͽ
ţǹa(chn)hfġ(qun)á
ʷ(qun)á@ij]ʲôP(gun)ϵ@fƶԭጲ
@(g)˼·҂һ(g)fՓİl(f)չf(sh)HЃɴՓһ(g)^һ(g)^(sh)|(zh)F(xin)xeĵǏܱՓֲ^ijĻ߉ǣ?yn)ÿ(g)æ]Еr(sh)gΣҽoһI(y)ʿnj@ЩI(y)ʿҪһ(g)(qun)M⣬´xe_(ti)һ(g)ՓЇ^˼ߌ(sh)|(zh)ЇһXô(dng)ϵ䌍(sh)ҪP(gun)Iǻܲܽo¡㿴Їvʷۙ(qun)ĻܶDZ^ɫؑ^֮εǂ(g)ۙ(qun)Ļճ^Dz(yng)ԓ(dng)I(lng)(do)߀ʵۣҲǴۙ(qun)ģҲеĺûQԒfӵ܌W(xu)o҂Ćʾһ(g)y(tng)ߵĘ(bio)(zhn)ǿô_(ti)ģ_(ti)ܴܲ
@(g)]҂Ͱѳ͌(sh)|(zh)_ᆖɂ(g)fXĂ(g)Ҫһh͇I(lng)(do)Ҏ(gu)ɵxea(chn)
ڶh͇I(lng)(do)Qߵĕr(sh)r(sh)r(sh)̿뵽@DZ횓һY(ji)l(f)F(xin)80%˶fҪҪnj(sh)|(zh)@ĿǰЇϰһ(g)r
ţǰՄ_(ti)J(rn)飬_(ti)o@Ҳ?yn)ͬ?/p>
ʷ@(g)ԭϰҪnj(sh)|(zh)odzϰ߀Ǖ(hu)J(rn)㲻_(ti)X_(ti)̫?yn)Ҫě]нooIJҪġ_(ti)I(lng)(do)x݆_(ti)㸯ϰ\ϰծ(dng)ȻMXЇδڰl(f)չ^ܵɂ(g)صӰ푣һϰյĻX(yng)ԓʲôӵģ@(g)(hu)ӰM(jn)^ڶ(g)oIJҪ߀Dz(hu)M⣬߀(hu)ػҌ(sh)|(zh)
ţ{(dio)УԵóʲôY(ji)Փ
ʷ콡Y(ji)ՓfһЇҪЇϰҪ¸Ͽϵ˼xϵMá@(g)ہڶԲͬĘ(bio)(zhn)ur(ji)@Nur(ji)ǺεxeͿԝMΌW(xu)߁v@һ(g)^Ć}҂ƶO(sh)Ӌ(j)ĕr(sh)ҪôӁl(f)չʲô̶ϝMҪ
ƶO(sh)Ӌ(j)ҪĻ
ţČıO(jin)J(rn)dzЧ߀nj(sh)|(zh)Ч
ʷ콡Ŀǰֹ]κһ(g)ՓVңһ?yn)҂һ(g)ΌW(xu)assumptionٶκһ(g)fpoliticalsurvival棩ԭtұ@(g)λϴȥôdzֻҪһȥjustifyCԼf´߀(yng)ԓwҾokˣ(hu)Сʲ@ôʧĿy(tng)ʧһ(g)(sh)|(zh)ćңh͇I(lng)(do)ˁfÿһ(g)ОҪȥjustify@䌍(sh)Ǟʲô@봨Ͷ@ôȞ(zi)ҏܶ_ʼɽÿһξȞ(zi)ȫԸʲô?yn)ڌ?sh)|(zh)ćI(lng)(do)ֻҪһ(g)О鷸˱ŭlegitimacyϷԣ̾ʧȥˡdz߀nj(sh)|(zh)X@(g)}debateՓ߀ҪM(jn)һо(sh)C{(dio)(c(din)̎xһ)
F(xin)ڵĆ}ǣϰҪnj(sh)|(zh)ôƶȁC@NfI(lng)(do)˛](sh)|(zh)ěQϰղMĕr(sh)Л]һ(g)Ա_(d)(sh)HʹxeЇxeܺ̈́e˵ҲһԣһҪƶȱͬr(sh)ƶO(sh)Ӌ(j)ҪĻcompatibleݣXDžf(xi)ʽ߀һЩ(sh)(yn)ЇҪ̽Լĵ·f҂횸(j)ԼĻO(sh)Ӌ(j)l·?yn)҂ҪЌ?qun)ıO(jin)ƺdžΆοxeܝMϰյҪ
ţ(j)ゃо㌦ĸ_ԁЇĻ˵r(ji)ֵ^׃wД
ʷ콡Ļ(hu)(hu)׃w׃wٶж죬(j)Լ1990ǰڵF(xin)ڵоЇĻϛ]׃ͬһ(g)r(sh)(ni)Ї(hu)(jng)(j)ζ(jng)v췭ظ׃
҂һЩeOM(jn)˿룬ƶȎM(jn)ȥoϰxe(qun)ÿһ(g)˾͕(hu)@(g)(qun)Լ档㿴Їr(nng)ĸ_źԭpower(qun)authority(qun)]ˡôkһˣxHuntington͢DxúܶJ(rn)xeԽQЇĆ}ǾͰxeƶM(jn)r(nng)ӣԞϰՕ(hu)gϲȥ@(g)ƶȽQĆ}ʮ^ȥ҂l(f)F(xin)еĵطxeúܺ܉Qܶ}ஔ(dng)ĵطxeǛ]õģϰȻصy(tng)ƶȥQ}¾ȥL˄(dng)TQr(nng)幫ƷoĆ}r(nng)عֻҪy(tng)ƶ܉Q}]botherM(fi)£ȥxe
҂оl(f)F(xin)Ăy(tng)ƶȵµƶgҪ(jng)^һ(g)LںʹIJЌԒfһ(g)transitionalstage^AΣô@(g)stage²҂?ni)˞Ƅ?dng)ġ?yn)ϰյxܺĂ(g)ƶworkĂ(g)҂Ļuul(f)չ@һ졢һҪʮĕr(sh)gɡ
ţK(lin)|WD(zhun)ĻD(zhun)׃(dng)r(sh)ΌW(xu)Ҿfһ(g)µĕr(sh)gĻ׃{(jng)^60ĕr(sh)gҲδ܉
ʷʹ҂ЇM(jn)İl(f)չ҂߀ҪشҪM(jn)ʲôӵM(jn)Ć}?yn)ЇxijN̶ϣЇĿеǞʲô҂ȥ҇y(tng)l(f)չٶ҂ҪM(jn)ʽ҂ҪشĆ}Л]пЇĻl(f)ѿX҂(yng)(dng)м(x)оЇy(tng)ƶȺµƶ֮ginteract(dng)Ҫ?jing)?chung)ʲôӵėlµƶ҂(hu)uLǻ룬һ(g)µƶЇ@(g)ƶȾ͕(hu)҂_(d)Ҫ_(d)ĿǘӵԒܕ(hu)(g)
ܶ˿ЇĆ}һ(g)dzεăɷַДЇһІ}?yn)鲻ɵģֻҪM(jn)ƶͿԽQ҂RĴֆ}ȻεM(jn)ܽQЇĆ}ʹ҂ҪЇM(jn)ʽҲҪāJ(rn)оһĆ}҂ҪһЩʲôӵĸʹ҂Ұl(f)չ
ԭdPܿ
c(din)x