福建龍巖不同裝煙方式對比研究分析
發(fā)布時間:2019-08-23 來源: 人生感悟 點擊:
摘要[目的]比較高密度散葉裝煙與常規(guī)掛桿裝煙方式烘烤過程異同,分析找出高密度散葉裝煙方式提質(zhì)增效、減工降本的原因。[方法]依照現(xiàn)行《龍巖市密集烤房散葉烘烤技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(試行)》和“三長兩短”烘烤工藝,結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)貧夂颦h(huán)境、煙葉素質(zhì)等進(jìn)行試驗。通過對采裝煙、人工能耗、烘烤工藝等數(shù)據(jù)分析,比較散葉烘烤工藝與常規(guī)掛竿烘烤工藝。[結(jié)果]數(shù)據(jù)分析顯示,散葉烘烤工藝體現(xiàn)了保濕烘烤的烘烤理論,高密度散葉裝煙工藝烤后煙較掛竿烘烤效果好,具體表現(xiàn)為橘黃煙比例增大、色度油分增強(qiáng)、調(diào)制成熟度好,在用工耗時基本相同條件下散葉烘烤裝煙量大,節(jié)能降本效果較好。[結(jié)論]研究可為散葉烘烤技術(shù)的發(fā)展、推廣提供理論支撐。
關(guān)鍵詞裝煙方式;工藝;耗能;品質(zhì)
中圖分類號S572文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼
A文章編號0517-6611(2015)05-235-03
Comparative Study of Different Tobacco Loading Ways in Longyan, Fujian
XI Hong-ang1, LI Sheng-dong2*, LU Xiao-chong2 et al (1. Nanyang Branch of Henan Tobacco Company, Nanyang, Henan 473000; 2. Tobacco School of Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002)
Abstract [Objective] To compare similarities and differences of the high-density with conventional tobacco baking process, the reasons why high-denity way have more better quality and efficient, and why reduce labor and costs were analyzed. [Method] According to the current Loose Leaf Bulk Curing Barn Baking Technical of Longyan City Standards (Trial) and Three Long and Two Short Way baking process, combined with the local climate and environment, tobacco quality, experiments were conducted. Though the way of harvesting tobacco, artificial energy consumption, baking process and so on, loose leaf curing process and conventional tobacco baking process were compared. [Result] Loose leaf baking process reflects the theory of moisturizing baking, the baking process the quality of high-denity way is better than other, the details were orange somke proportion increased, chroma and oil increased, and have a good baking maturity; under the same conditions of employment consuming loose leaf bake loading large amount of tobacco, and have less energy. [Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical support for development and extension of leaf baking technology.
Key words Install smoke way; Process; Energy consumption; Quality
作者簡介習(xí)紅昂(1970- ),男,河南南陽人,農(nóng)藝師,從事煙葉生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)、管理工作。*通訊作者,在讀碩士,從事煙草調(diào)制烘烤方面研究。
收稿日期2014-12-29
我國是世界上煙葉生產(chǎn)第一大國,煙草常年種植面積余100萬hm2,年產(chǎn)量多達(dá)200多萬t[1]。煙草的種植收益1/3取決于品種,1/3取決于栽培,1/3取決于烘烤[2]。進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)后,隨著農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整及烤煙種植規(guī)模化發(fā)展,煙葉烘烤工作得到行業(yè)內(nèi)外重視,密集烤房建造及以掛竿為主的密集烘烤技術(shù)很快取代了20世紀(jì)家庭作坊式烤房及傳統(tǒng)烘烤工藝。近年來,圍繞國家局“提質(zhì)增效、減功降本”的指導(dǎo)思想,貴州遵義、福建龍巖、四川、重慶、湖南等產(chǎn)區(qū)公司在掛竿密集烘烤的基礎(chǔ)上積極探討煙夾、散葉等裝煙方式,收到了很大效果,部分產(chǎn)區(qū)公司制訂了散葉烘烤技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),將散葉密集烘烤作為示范推廣項目。散葉烘烤較常規(guī)掛竿烘烤能夠改善煙葉內(nèi)在質(zhì)量,提高煙葉外觀質(zhì)量,在減工降本方面有一定的效果,但其技術(shù)還有待進(jìn)一步完善[3]。已有學(xué)者對散葉、煙夾等高密度裝煙方式烘烤有較深層次研究,但基于散葉烘烤與掛竿烘烤的比較研究較少,筆者對散葉烘烤工藝與常規(guī)掛竿烘烤工藝進(jìn)行對比研究,以期為散葉烘烤技術(shù)的發(fā)展、推廣提供理論支撐。
1材料與方法
1.1試驗材料
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