һ ġF(xin)(dng)
1989桶ЇF(xin)ʷ塷֮҂Ƴm(x)ƪЇ(dng)ʷ塷ġF(xin)(dng)һ֮eζʲôأǰv19oĩ1949@һrڃ(ni)Їl(f)չ׃Ěvʷ߄tnj19492000@낀oЇʷӾһ20oЇF(xin)ʷ䌍ЇSЇF(xin)vʷḾfyҲo횅^(q)ʲôF(xin)c(dng)ġֻҪ]x_繫JĬF(xin)cԵҕֻҪ҂ǾooסЇF(xin)Dy۵ĚvʷḾfģôoՓ(jng)ĻҲoՓ˼ˣĆ}(yng)F(xin)@潛(jng)ȥʹ˶ՓF(xin)c(dng)@ɲ־Ͳ^(lin)ϵһrμF(xin)rζr^ʮ꣬˂@50ʲô(dng)1949֮Q顰F(xin)tȫЇĚvʷH@ӣ҂ֻ͕ܸ(j)ĿǰЇW(xu)g(sh)猦(dng)@һ(x)T÷҂@20oεđʷ
20o50ĩ60ԁ^Ї(dng)ČW(xu)Ї(dng)ᷨڴһӺxһǕrָ1949ԁČW(xu)
ԣָЇa(chn)hI(lng)(do)ġЇČW(xu)cֽСxČW(xu)c
ǵHЇꑵČW(xu)co80ԁĶNP(gun)Ї(dng)m(x)@N^cеĸɴͽСЇʷȻ@ǺܳɆ}ԇ挦Tѽ(jng)ؚw_ƽy(tng)һŬĴݣrѽ(jng)M21oȫ˼ѱձJͬĽ죬Ȼ@N]һ˼S^Ї(dng)ʷôܽʾvʷ挍òcˇg(sh)ă(ni)Ҏ(gu)أ@ȻֻҪƬ؏hɺεĽǶȣǏZԡĻĽy(tng)һԣͬһԣʷЇ(dng)Ͳ(yng)HHǴꑵġЇ(yng)ꑑ_cT@ׂMɲf1949֮ǰF(xin)rЇʷ߀DZһy(tng)һĿмԒô1949֮ġ(dng)r͑(yng)ox^m(x)ԳZԡĻĽy(tng)һԴˁչ_vʷ˂ӛՕrĵĻfЇF(xin)K(gu)ɵģһKؑc֡Ҫصġy(tng)^(q)
һKDZϺϾ|ʡȜS݅^(q)ԼT_y(tng)ݠ^(q)đ
߀һKӰĵġŅ^(q)@ZĻϵĽy(tng)һԱ҂fһҚvʷĻc1949֮ĴꑑǡŅ^(q)cŴ(dng)ġy(tng)^(q)tڇѶֻһ֑ҼˡŅ^(q)һSh_γһ݆ġy(tng)^(q)_(dng)S݅^(q)۰ĵđҲvʷ۵Mˡ(dng)ˣЇ(dng)ʷֻvH`һЇĚvʷҲڌ׃܉Eǡֵ҂J飬(yng)ԓͻƶm(x)ĴꑡxһԪĪM˼·PμhɺεҕǿcF(xin)˼SģʽJ塢ZĻĽy(tng)һۣԿƌW(xu)đB(ti)ȁ挍Ї(dng)Ěvʷ
ı{ʷҕҰđʽf҂ڡF(xin)mȻŵµĚvʷlµĸ¡׃Լ¸脡脡Įa(chn)l(f)չ漰wfԒ@顰Փđ˼͑^֮D(zhun)׃ĬF(xin)Ժԁ߀Ǐđ\c҇xľo(lin)ϵߏĴ(yu)ㄡҵӿF(xin)ڄ(chung)ϵشؕILЇʷ_һvʷAĻ\ռͻĚvʷλڬF(xin)ʷ(do)õtdԒ[1]ġ(dng)ıӴ@@50ꮔ(dng)УЇy(tng)׃oՓ䡰ácʧurhh^ǰ50a(chn)S(yu)ҡƷc݆TF(xin)廯¡ԒԪW(xu)(x)f(xi){(dio)l(f)չđB(ti)¸֣@50γɵĸаl(f)ˡӰ@ӰشĚvʷĻ¼һƉ@һB(ti)F(xin)ĵ·ࡣ҂ڱӴķȻǏġF(xin)@Ƕ۵Qǰ@50đ(dng)ЇŴʷһnj鮔(dng)ʷһЙCMɲցvЇŴʷŴԊʷŴСfʷһӣSġĻ\ǂrھͻϽY(ji)Ԓ@һµđʽ(dng)ǰв˃HHҕЇװقNеһ@ÑW(xu)ϵķԭ҇F(xin)dĚvʷ҇y(tng)ĄNmȻܶ࣬đW(xu)wϵfȫǏԊ赸ۺϵĹŴ@һϵy(tng)dԒtW(xu)wϵcБ(yng)һȫµĬF(xin)҇͡ŴԊиNwú͘ʽwԊVxf~ҲԊһNF(xin)Ԋ@wú͘ʽеһNwcŴԊ(yng)ĬF(xin)Ԋ裬W(xu)L(fng)òȻЄe˂Ԓҕ顰ʽĕr҂AڌҕЇġF(xin)ʽmȻԡЇy(tng)ҲСԒӣLLİ֮Уѽ(jng)ȫЇѽ(jng)ɞ҂ҪMɲǷNJЇHڑ^c@ȻǘOƬԒԼ¸脡cԪЇF(xin)(dng)B(ti)Ļ@ȫǽųF(xin)¬F(xin)҂Ȳcy(tng)fĻ(lin)ϵJڮ(dng)l(f)չĿgҲԒĻϵġJɞЇĿ
}ĺ߀ڡF(xin)@潛(jng)֮С҂(dng)ʷҕȻǽ(jng)Ļc˼롢˵ĬF(xin)}F(xin)cԼP(gun)Ļrֵ˜ʣƼsvʷġĻ\ӵĬF(xin)xġtԳֵcĬF(xin)䌦ČW(xu)ˇg(sh)׃ҪȻָ(do)(dng)ʷһ؞֮˼·1949֮đ˼c\ӣMܳMۺͽӖ(xn)߀Ǐ(f)wڬF(xin)ρˡ͑@һTϵˇg(sh)fĬF(xin)ҪF(xin)棺
һ_ʬF(xin)ġ˵ľB(ti)ЬF(xin)xĄ顢}HԿF(xin)ˡĵòˇg(sh)ȤW(xu)猦˼cԽŵĠȡ˸ƽc NNÌ⽨cRеȵȣЩMȡڹŴvʷ䡰ҕǡc֮cF(xin)Rͨ@һHġġrڡ30ͿՕrڵЩ(yu)ƷпԿó50ԒBֽˡķ^ᣩP(gun)h䡷hԼFA֮b@һЩҲл[@ıF(xin)80ƷԒġɳ~سҦ£܇վнСͬƣ\ƣɣƺo¡Ӷȡƽܲcޡꐁȣz¡꣩ɽšκ¾ͤIdɑL(fng)oLx@ЩIJͬĽǶˆԺͬF(xin)R
1949֮ǰġxr(ni)ġF(xin)ԡcЇ˵ġײx䌍һ£Ҫxڡ桱ˡ֡ӳġ挍ԡm͡_dԡˡărֵġ˵đѬF(xin)˵Ī˸cƽ(qun)_ϵđ1949֮A̗lxcΌxԡˌW(xu)ĵġ˵đ۸ĞζߵđڡAx̖uuˬF(xin)һ挍ԡc˵đH⡣еĬF(xin)ȻBֽˡһǡײxڡx۱F(xin)
ˇg(sh)ĹܣɆݔ(do)R_̻D(zhun)^cݡƽȌԒcpI(lng)ġԒʘ֮cй֮y(tng)һdžμζ½̻Ĺ@Ǒˇg(sh)ġˌW(xu)ˇg(sh)ϵıF(xin)ˡ桱Щf@һce80ġ̽^cݡĽcH߬F(xin)ǣвٮ(dng)ƷּǞfѡ^cݡƽȵČԒcp׃Ɇ̌(do){ݛՓď^ƳЧ¡W(xu)(x)ݵġӡ@rѼg(sh)(dng)ˇg(sh)ή(dng)˼롱ָ߮(dng)(yng)Pġ@`֮F(xin)ԵҪxӢuҺղء£Herbert Read1893-1968ԡF(xin)۹JָҪһZƹŵx(ni)Ԓ҂F(xin)ڣһ؞F(xin)ŵxΌƵľͬķNN̗l^ǣÁƺ͉˵Ļܵľ@Щ|QF(xin)κɛQ죬ֻһN˵[2]@Ȼ^ɛQ족ֻƽȌԒcĽY(ji)
ǷN{^֮ϡݔκ͵^đMֶҲˡˇg(sh)̎ġδ͡а`ԻKÓ˹ŵxǷNˡʩԡƺ͉֡ıڮ(dng)ʷԡޑӰЩ^tɫ(jng)䡱@Nŵx҂ԷQ֮顰xŵxŵxđ
ČW(xu)Z_ZRԼY(ji)(gu)ʽm(yng)F(xin)cF(xin)^ҪMбҪĸԒZ͟⡢F(xin)ʹF(xin)ŴҲҪϬF(xin)˵p(x)Tij_O(sh)ӋMڱF(xin)µľ(ni)Ą(chung)@һΑB(ti)}Ƞ|(zh)⚤cľ(ni)P(gun)Щ־кܴĚvʷ(wn)cĻĹͨнSìܡ(f)sĬF(xin)@MܸDZҪģǷ¡ԺЩ|(zh)⚤ƷdzF(xin)(ni)soF(xin)Կ硰ĸеġӰ90ijЩsr֡ذb^˶Ŀ^ƷˡĻ|(zh)׃^^
侫׃t^y^@o҂ʷһReάF(xin)ԡ΄(w)҇ĻD(zhun)Ļϵ̓cƽӹһձF(xin)ܽСάF(xin)ԡ_y҂ҕ
c(dng)
һԒ@50Ї(dng)׃ľǾǣԵcؽfF(xin)ԵĚȱcޏ(f)@fҪָꑺ_۰ĵrͬɡ_Enlightenment顰ЇŴСΆɡ֮ftС_ǡ֮ՓՓɡڬF(xin)飺˵ľķԵڰнųʹ֮F(xin)һԽȫĬF(xin)ˡеČW(xu)ָģ20oƌW(xu)fġF(xin)dž˼fġԑ(yng)(w)ǬF(xin)ԵĻA(ch)(c̎xһ)
[3]Ї~_F(xin)Ěvʷ֮ɵ΄(w)c֮ͬrR˼xֻܴܰ憢xǰF(xin)ķNNʹɱ`xČ(do)^ɡԵȏ(f)sF(xin)ˣ硰W(xu)W(xu)ߣѡġcĸɻһՄ(yng)ԓfdžl(f)˷Եġĸ@ӷF(xin)¼ǡǡ෴džɵŤ׃ʧ@N1949֮AľؓЧ(yng)f@һ}@ڑҲ@F(xin)ںƽl(f)չrSƷsM˸͑(zhn)ġˎζһζǷNֻڡвſеĘO˵˼Sͱ_ʽֲcԼ˵О鷽ʽˇg(sh)F(xin)бϷȵȡ
ĵfx(yng)YxЬF(xin)ԣĚvʷ΄(w)(yng)ǽQYx]ܽQĽ(jng)Ļc˼˵ĬF(xin)}Ȼvʷs˸۵·Ї@ӵδ(jng)^F(xin)I(y)O(sh)xȱλʹͨ^ֶҲyԳԽYxĬF(xin)ԶF(xin)ĵ·f1949֮ǰxgcF(xin)߀ijNدBԒָЕrF(xin)_ٵ·ô1949֮ġxg@NدB㲻ҲfҲֻܿܿƁCF(xin)O(sh)ǂ˙(qun)I(lng)¾͑(yng)ԓЂI(lng)¾ҪQ^˰ѳȺ(qun)ַ[4]^A^m(x)οԛ_һСoa(chn)AόӽĻI(lng)?q)ȫ挣ȵֻꐸČxˡȺ(qun)xˆԵĻҲxR˼xĻԭĶһڬF(xin)ČW(xu)ˇg(sh)L@Ǯ(dng)ʷϣڡʮꡱ͡ĸrڣ]ܳF(xin)1949֮ǰǂF(xin)rڳF(xin)^đҺͽ(jng)ĸԭخmȻˮ(dng)Ҳò꡷ճԭҰˡǘӵļ䄓(chung)쾫ήsֱŸf`̫ࡱʹȦȦ߅MXRxôXD(zhun)Ӳء@ӵԒ|ָ؟(z)ָ؟(z)Ҫܣ܃ɹԽԽλˡwƱʾҵIJM[5]@cˇg(sh)wRKԡ̫ܵwˇ]ϣһ˼njʧȥˆԺͬF(xin)RĻh(hun)ʹ෴˼
bڌĻxIJMĸ֮ȥλ☋(gu)ɡĿ̖@N^c˃ɂ`^(q)һcɻһՄ
\y(tng)ˇĽ̻ܼcεP(gun)ϵ
@ȁһ}cmȻе(lin)ϵȫһĻϵ\Еrܕ׃\ӣ
\ЕrҲɵďԳȻȫġeOxֻһȣˡc΄tȻЃcؓeOcOxcxЃɂȣˡcˡԵcԵġc_McѣڰӵcǔһкڰӵξSoy(tng)εֶ˿ֲ֮⣬ǿɼ˼ɱcūˡ]^s߀ѸZеġW(xu)ČW(xu)߰ѡġcĸһՄҲδcεIJ醢cβһڡʮꡱ͡ĸđвŕF(xin)λՏRcF(xin)ԷҊĬF(xin)60cĸеġޑӰ^f@һF(xin)η(w)(yng)(dng)?sh)ͬrҪĆxĻrֵ(do)͌Ľl(f)չʮкʧȥˆcF(xin)ĠTգֻЃɷNܣιͼ
Ľ̻ܼcεP(gun)ϵҲǞ_Uvʷ횳һ}_Ȼ_ĿsӰͲȫÓxҲǑҪF(xin)ČֱӞη(w)ԱF(xin)Ҫ鼺εđ΄20oPolitical TheatreP(gun)IڑcεP(gun)ϵǜ\ǴС@NP(gun)ϵDzƽȵġ҂кͷġλη(w)ָǷNūrǰcɞ锳֮r@ӵᳫĽ̻ܲη(w)^̻@ָƄ˵|(zh)B(yng)ɺ;ǰfھI(lng)ġԒǑ_@һĿĵֶ܌W(xu)ָ̻ЃɷNһNwF(xin)˵ġԡ֮˵ձڿwϾSoԵı|(zh)Ҏ(gu)һN^ġ̻tǡǡ෴ǾSoǰ֮˵ձԳMƫҊĽ(jng)xe½M@NϴXʽġ̻Ư̖[6]T⽨ġTy^ĸеġѪy(tng)ՓΨɷ֡ՓӰȡɽ~r(nng)|(zh)áԼڽŵȵ@Щ|Mн̻nje½R˼fԡ˼W늡ˡųɞˡHϾnjһN̻µˡšɞǰһN̻µˡ[7]
C^(dng)50ԵcؽԻF(xin)ԵĚȱcޏ(f)ľ۵@ڮ(dng)׃Ěvʷ^wıF(xin)
(dng)׃Ěvʷ^
Ї(dng)׃ڽ(jng)ΡĻc˼˵ď(f)s׃ЕrcζRΑB(ti)׃ֱP(gun)ڴꑺ_ڑˇg(sh)(ni)NNصLt۶[εc@Щ׃(lin)ϵˣĚvʷ@һAԁ@NvʷAԮ(dng)ȻԵǰ֮gЅ^(q)e(lin)ϵ@NvʷAڴꑡ_ۡTвͬZĻ֮y(tng)һijNơP(gun)֮̎1978ꡪ1989ġ˼šc_1987ġİl(f)չ^شӰ(chung)ĬF(xin)xF(xin)x׃c_šµĻ֮P(gun)ϵڃɰĵصđl(f)չоКvʷɌ@낀o(dng)УĆcF(xin)r[rF(xin)rrm(x)(dng)ȱλεһ֮r͕a(chn)һNF(xin)đ_1950ꡪ1960ġ턡ꑡʮꡱcĸеġAޑӰԇԴꑑҪ^쌦g_ۡ50vʷ^¡
һcF(xin)Rĵġʮꡱ1949(qun)1966ꡰĸl(f)F(xin)(x)QʮꡱǮ(dng)ĵһvʷr1957֮ǰꑑĆcF(xin)R߀ٳн1949ǰxľw50ڵġDŮ_hXСڽY(ji)顷һеRcx(lin)ϵ@N(lin)ϵc(qun)ĸힿһġ횜ϡ˾סh(hun)ĸcĸм֮顣mӺˡĹӲּӽ[ĸ(do)ݺ֮һ݆Tıڮ(dng)rHtKԸȺ{(dio)ģ醢ҪxġȺ(qun)硱ҕǣ˺ʮ깩εġ힄hI(lng)䣩֮L(fng)ɴ˶ʼ
19561957ϰڇH(ni)˼볱c΄³F(xin)^һꇶ̕ġ˼š֮L(fng)cF(xin)Ŗ^D[ÓA̗l`|֮ġķN(yng)\ԒBֽˡijF(xin)һʮҪ̖Hٰьc(qun)ĸ(lin)ϵ෴и(qun)ܵijNJ|һЄð^̆}˴µ̖硰wxhI(lng)(do)֮еꐸķ⽨֮˽ǂF֧ίغMڡMZёҕ˽ֱZ˵ɡŮ˹BͯУR[Ó_ijN`l(wi)΄(w)DŽHxѲ֮ġBҪ@Ȼ@ǡġrwF(xin)֮F(xin)ġײx˵cԣ϶˵؟(z)IJԣ50٬F(xin)ܵAĴҲӭ@ɡ˼š֮L(fng)ġL(fng)ѩҹwˡخġˡ1957ڱݡ˃Ʉa(chn)40F(xin)(jng)֮ͻF(xin)˵`XˌɵľF(xin)ԼBֽˡ^ķNijF(xin)fˑ҂ԳֆcF(xin)Rl(f)PĬF(xin)ĿFŬ
Ȼ1957ꡰɡ֮ڇH(zhn)֮ҲP(gun)ڡHa(chn)x\ӡՓ(zhn)Сޡ̖(q)ʹ£ЇĆcF(xin)RѸήs֮ˌW(xu)ă(ni)ݱAޡʽϼMHݛՓֱӿˑľ(do)ԆcF(xin)R龫(ni)ġ挍ˡ_ʧˣ֮Pν̗lһܼľżһĘVġ^hġP(gun)h䡷@ӵĺÑ֮1958F(xin)ԭǰ힄·Ҵfrıo߄t˼oĻ˵ęCһtƿͬСtԺһͬh߀Сʮˮ앳ٮ(dng)rĻh(hun)Pꡢ̓ġSM֮L(fng)څr(yng)֮ҲֻǮ(dng)ʧӛ䛡60һF(xin)AޡđԒ͑ڄ(chung)̖QǡxF(xin)xF(xin)xcxY(ji)ϡHϴɷQ֮顰ŵx֮ˇg(sh)ֶΣZY(ji)(gu)ȣAMtꐸľ(ni)(dng)rL(fng)һrġǧfҪӛһS֮ɎXȾٴe硶µڱmȻˇg(sh)F(xin)ĹһIһ挍wÓ{(dio)Aƽ׃·(sh)˄ѴеġL(fng)ҕʹˉħ@HķF(xin)A(dng)r·ԽԽխ1959ͬr岿ݣӢģ1960ͬr߲ʮһAֵܡݣͬһ1962t11҄Ժݳ(j)ӛСfľͬԒtrMиAĽ1963ͬr15ԒFwݡhļ҄硶tɫhhͬ־W(xu)(x)^hһٱČעNNɡF(xin)أ@f·µġ}ěQՓʹĿҊؚ_196070嵽ҦһȔL(fng)ȑҾĿһµĄ(chung)ϽY(ji)ˡ턡Ćһؚĕr
ڴm196162̕ġ{(dio)S֮ԸӲ·
(c̎xһ)
ԏصF(xin)Rȫȱġĸr1966ꡰĸl(f)1976顰ˎ̖͡Qĸʮꡱ䌍ĸľvϿ196312c6ëɖ|P(gun)ˇ}ăɴΎаl(f)ӡĸζʾ¿1978йY(ji)ĸl(f)˼š\֮r@15Ǯ(dng)ʷĵڶrҲdžԏص⡢F(xin)Rȫȱһʷ^ĸ]κxϵĸԺMl(f)@һrڵһ˼ˇg(sh)F(xin)ϼM|(zh)ϵ¶fƷ˂Ӱtӛɳ亡ȡɽuFۡ脡tɫ܊ëŮ푘峪ɳ亡䎧һڶӰ硶힡ƽԭ(zhn)Nɽʯȣ@һrڵġtɫ(jng)䡱ՓĴֵһСֱͬ־ίнͬ־_IJˇՄoҪġՄˎϺČӰl(f)ڡt졷s־196967ںϿġu˹̹˹˹wϵԼĻÌӡY(ji)Ӱ(jng)硶ЇvʷĉՄӰijɾͺxʮ꡷ՓҪcУһհסՓČW(xu)ˇg(sh)ȫrֵJvʷһЃ(yu)Ʒ(dng)˵xJ顰oa(chn)AČW(xu)ˇg(sh)ġH衷ԁһƬհF(xin)ڡӰa@һհ΄(w)ՓJĸ΄(w)^ġoa(chn)AӢ@ӵռI(lng)_ǡoa(chn)AόӽĻI(lng)?q)ȫ挣ĄͻՓҪƷwϵǣͻͻӢӢͻһӢ
ĸⲿF(xin)ΑB(ti)ijЩhF(xin)(ni)ڌ|(zh)ǷF(xin)ġӰϿҲijNF(xin)ԡ@һNάF(xin)ĚvʷϿ(dng)Ї⽨ǰF(xin)ĻF(xin)Ļ(zhn)r(qun)Ľy(tng)(yng)(yng)ĵһĻԱnjĻMЄxcֽ|(zh)֮Ͼ֮ġЌW(xu)wW(xu)ááһĻ֮wF(xin)Ӱ|(zh)⚤Ǹ߶ȬF(xin)ģҲfǸ߶ȡğⲼЧx_F(xin)Ƽ
ķbO(sh)ӋҲǰF(xin)xҪ
࣬Ǵđ푘DгһꂥķՇǣ@N̖Q֡F(xin)đ侫(ni)s϶һЩڷ⽨xĻĖ|Ѫy(tng)ՓTy^hӢ۳cŵՓڡՓ֧F(xin)R@ӰͲ̮ܿF(xin)R^µ˺˵\ռ_һߡȫġӢ]ЂԣyRԄe]СˡǞ͏ijNO(sh)õġ̖ͽf̓ٵġһƬƬ~NĴ[8]fڡӰЇĬF(xin)ѽ(jng)صwʮgĆcF(xin)Rֻڡ¡B(ti)д_đв̶ͬȵm(x)
ؽcF(xin)RsġSr19771989Ї(dng)ʷĵr@10꣬ɰĵصđһsġSrڴ1976顰ˎ͡vʷxhh^@һw¼1978й11ȫY(ji)ĸ·܁ymȻ@߀Lԁ١Ė|_ˡ˼šlTČW(xu)ˇg(sh)ĆcF(xin)R(f)KѸͰl(f)չ_S1984꽛(jng)֮HɻƶȻ1986h12ȫθµĆc1987ġˇ·ȻҲF(xin)һ;ˡ?q)ĸĿֶ֑һζM70_ʼעرF(xin)cY(ji)ˇg(sh)кܴl(f)չ1974СֳߡTˇİl(f)չҲзeOx@һ׃˼ɞ鱾ע`ꡰԒĬF(xin)ĸߓPfʮ@һcĴꑑwfꑡĸĽY(ji)_ľзeOӰ푡
F(xin)ď(f)KߓPһ^̵ġһ_ʼّMСˎ͡ģHHǞ顰ϸɲڡĸʧȥ(qun)ѣA˼Sʽcˇg(sh)߀һףfw߀ǡʮꡱ͡ĸ·ӣڲͬ˵ĿĸĺxǸͬġӵĻrֵ^Ϗصĸ߀ٔ(sh)ʹ1978F(xin)ġڟo̎⡷Vɽ@һÑҲ߀ͣڡˎ͡ζϵġȻ1979l(f)һD(zhun)ۣһđӳF(xin)J|}Һĸ_MоđF(xin)硶ġ(qun)cδنȾ@ǘ־cF(xin)R֮XF(xin)ߓPĵһƷǡġɳ~سɡҦ£@Ǯ(dng)rP(gun)ĵġߺT}ҵĸ֮L(fng)Hυs|h͇ҙ(qun)ʹcO(jin)_ˬF(xin)wؙ(qun)Acì@һeyʮеΆ}@һ}˽30Ľ죬@ĬF(xin)ԺͼJԓϺݳһcQһҲAďҲMǸߌP(gun)עչ_ӑՓM@ӑՓˇ\ӺͶǘY(ji)@һrԡF(xin)ԘOĺÑ׃ͬr߀Ӱ̫ꖺˡӰČW(xu)С١Ҳӵ|˕rͬF(xin)}θʹP(gun)עrF(xin)挍ӳF(xin)˵ľJpʻS֮ݵđ1980Ѹˡ
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80ڣl(f)ˡ^ĴӑՓ@Ǒ^m(x)֮̽·ıF(xin)Ȼ(dng)ˇg(sh)o_wƵ`r^֮·̽Ҳֻˇg(sh)ȦD(zhun)D(zhun)ڡġ֮RĆ}^m(x)ŬԳ˼_A̗lx`ڄ(chung)ϔPάF(xin)x֏(f)ġˌW(xu)λ_ϱF(xin)挍挍(dng)rġ^ӑՓsHHǞ˽oF(xin)x_·һ_ʼֻݲRϣ؞鎟äĿذѬF(xin)x鹥˹̹˹˹锳䌍˹̹wϵġˌW(xu)(ni)cF(xin)xhȲRϣصġҊкЇHքڡĸб^܁yӑՓ@_}Ҳ^Ⱦ͡Ya(chn)AɻΉֻһЩˇg(sh)Ɇ}Ć}ϼmp塪ٶԡcԡ_XcƳ_XJͬĶcƵĶgxЧcQЧc⡱ȵ@Щ}Ļش𱾁ǃɿɵo횷Ǵ˼˵ؠՓݡMӑՓ_^ĽcС֮do@_ĺĆ}`ϵɡԒcƽȽڼg(sh)ʽÄ@ʹ80δܮa(chn)ƷҲʽʧMl(f)չęCͬr߀90ġ|(zh)g(sh)ANǰ
ģSr^ƽӹ19902000@20o10ҕ鮔(dng)ĵĂvʷr˾šL(fng)OӰЇ˵ľB(ti)ODáL(fng)ęCĸ_ŵľɾͣЇص·ȥ[9]mȻF(xin)MѲȫֹθĸcҎ(gu)Ј(jng)M,ʹ|(zh)ƽӹĻDyD(zhun)Įrֵy̓cƽӹBһI(lng)½☋(gu)cF(xin)RĺF(xin)xcW(xu)ɳ˄ݶ@ЩOF(xin)ƲӰµ_Ͱl(f)@һr@fO˼̧^cߵġfҲfˇg(sh)(chung)ؚp˄tǡ桱|(zh)⚤{(dio)٩tɫ(jng)䡱oɣ@һЌؽ辫ɺ߶Ȅ(chung)đfǘO鲻һֻX͡(qun)]ˡ롱͡Ԋ顱ôкõđa(chn)wf90Ǒήs_̓ٷsĕrwƃ(ni)ķNNuͅRݻͰl(f)չfٟoһܿ׃bֶ(dng)ֻX㡰̡ҪʹĄ(chung)urwƻMʧȥˇg(sh)l(f)RfġȤζĸ [10]f80кÑu90tȑҪ헲90ԁ_۰đڡF(xin)˼Ӱ푣^Zԡ֮L(fng)ɞrل(chung)ݳҲw\cƽӹ
C^90׃څcֵע⣺
ȣƷ|(zh)⚤_bA^Spectaclew(ni)ؚևԻ^x義ؑ^ʢ¡ԒwϹS÷ŮˡȑAIJ(c̎xһ)
ٴ˶Ŀġ^ȡˡ^cݡھϵƽȡԒͨ^ĉŔ࣬ͨ^o횑(yng)ʾ˱ӵؽһo^xĂ硱[11]
֮_Եďž˼dwČW(xu)r90đČW(xu)ή@c˵ľؚĿڅͬVһfǣһı팧(do)ľfmʴ_]кõľ֧Σʽܳɞһfˡ^@һĴڡᵽġؑ^ʢ¡wϹŮˡһđoԡĺAȡČW(xu)ԶǺܲġеĄи@һ΄Լ_Ťġӡoζŵ@Ʒİl(f)һĽKY(ji)[12]@NڅټϴʘʽĶӻcýwĻŔ࣬ĿgͺС
ٴΣcσc(lin)ϵ֮桱ĹܱÛ|˼oеĹ܄t^桱^ͣڸйٴ̼A@njҎ(gu)ĻЈġ협(yng)ҲnjθһеġӡǾؚʧıF(xin)Մˇg(sh)ԻӘС˘90Ñ֮ԽԽ٣Ñ֮˅sԽԽƱָwđһЩh̖Сԡ桱ȡٵġ@NB(ti)еһȫӷγˡͲһNF(xin)
90đMܿwϳ»څڽ(jng)Ļ˼@Щھ۵F(xin)׃D(zhun)еČW(xu)ˇg(sh)Ҳ߀pصѭxcF(xin)Ե·ǰl(f)չ80ľy(tng)δȫ^һЩõĺͱ^õđ_ԒҦhmȻ(do)ݣнʩˡ^xbԲʧһ˼ˇg(sh)ѵy֮߬F(xin)xĻڡԡ֮ČW(xu)飬ڄЏҵıF(xin)ֵһı^(yu)Ԓ߀Сt¡ƣe^ʿУBˡ~ˡˡΣwҫ90đmo80ġܲcޡǘӵļc_飩@cϡʽܣӡr(nng)@һЩĿ^ӰQһr֮x⣬90СҲ^m(x)ի@mںF(xin)xӰ³F(xin)˷Zԡȥ˼ġ桱ĬF(xin)˼ϾxŮʿڣһoxߵSoKϾxȣfСķfhľҲ߀^m(x)˼ġƴNַHʽؽbF(xin)ڃ(ni)υs^80HЛ_Ļо
(dng)˂վס20oβ˻^ȥǽ50Ěvʷ(jng)ͽӖ(xn)rNNLڷe۵Ć}εġ˼Փˇg(sh)ġĽQϣ21o
(dng)Ļ
ǰЇ(dng)_ۡTĂ^(q)đ@塢ZĻy(tng)һ(dng)ȻҲͬĻZ˼S_ʽĻYԴȷĹͬԡ(dng)҂wՓ19492000@낀oЇ(dng)ĻrҪزՄ@NͬՄ@һr֮(ni)cF(xin)P(gun)ϵγɵһЩwԴ_đ@һr֮(ni)дҲf}
һ@50Ĵ֕rg(ni)ĻȫČιԉˇg(sh)䡰ˌW(xu)λȫֵoˡΡλ^힡hI(lng)䣩Ƕ^턡Aޑ̑ԼNN(ji)ՑIYȵǶ@ӵđ܌F(xin)^cݡ֮gƽȽ`Ԓ@ӵĬF(xin)֮Ҫǽ^ӵؽΡ̌(do)
@ӵđݔRΑB(ti)һԪĻ(ni)cεĘ(gu)ɴǹʽ@ӵġcӖ(xn)Ia(chn)ıȻԣһrںһ֮(ni)һġԡѡġԁԡˡ鱾ĬF(xin)x؆һؚʳW(xu)߷Q顰MF(xin)xάF(xin)xPseudo-realism
ġrڡˡĬF(xin)ĻǶԪǕrЇTĻ˵xxxxR˼xxoxȵ˼IJͬ(c)ͬǶȱЇ˽ܣĶҲ̶ͬȵƄ^Ї˼ĻĬF(xin)MԪ˼y(tng)һһ˼šԽɵij֮1949֮ˡĬF(xin)ĻtһԪK(lin)ġxԡȡˬF(xin)K(lin)xF(xin)xЇġF(xin)xcxY(ji)ϡ(chung)ԭtļs±F(xin)A^m(x)һ¸ָQ@һF(xin)Ǿᵽ^ġxŵxŵx@ӵġλȻ_ĆԺͬF(xin)RؽȡˑеĺɡľÓx@NġǰǛQȻȫ˸ġ
ڶ(dng)һĻ_ġԡ茑}һֱcԡļJ@λλıȻY(ji)195060_ġ턡dž{(dio)ο̖ʽ@·ӱ_ʿٗꑵġAޑcӰLڷǡˡȥ桱조ūԴˁŤĨ˵Ăcū˵ͬrҲҪһЩˡ硶ٳD^AˡĿ̮ͬҲnjԵ˵x͆xһҪǰᣬdzJˡSԺ͏(f)sJ˵Ăԡx Individualism gxHYxõJl(f)չR˼xҲ{Լ˼wϵԵɰl(f)չҕδҪĿa(chn)hԡfǴAAYa(chn)Af@һ(lin)wÿ˵ɰl(f)չһ˵ɰl(f)չėl[13] ѸĬF(xin)˼ЇĬF(xin)e
g(sh)˱Զˡ˵ĬF(xin)cP(gun)ϵǣʹ֮Xԏɳ֮D(zhun)ˇ[14]mᘌЩԡҡڠɵ^cfゃ˵ɣǞҠゃԼ˸ǞҠ˸ƽȵćҲһȺūŽ[15]@fġƽȵćҡcѸfġˇǬF(xin)ҵͬxZЇֻгɞ@ӵġˇԏ磬˵ġɳֻ֮cūŶ]ƽȵĹćңtֻhxǡײxĺĺ`ƄЇ֮F(xin)P(gun)ҪȻڂy(tng)Ļ֮xӵӰġIndividualismxxmЇĻвȫoc֮ͨڵYԴ20oЇ֮rsұ`xc1907ѸָһZЇδ̖QRr֮ʿԞԍƈuc\ͬδ֪`麦֮xҲeĿ䌍Ȼӡ[16] Ѹf@N`1949֮ژO˼cF(xin)RȱλӇڡġĻ\xߴƉĂԵf֮ԭ[17]1958sȫ^ˣˇI(lng)܊ܓPڿY(ji)ɡĈ桶ˇ(zhn)ϵһqՓĽ(jng)ëɖ|Ķfxxf֮ԴԭԴ֮eԭˣĻ↢ԣ˵ĬF(xin)ĚvʷҪc˿(dng)ȻҲ^|19561957F(xin)ġķNՓБйr(nng)NǂԵģʽ@һm֣ˮ(dng)^Ҏ(gu)ɵĝҪ19791989@ʮg˼֮һڰl(f)˵Ăϳ_桱c֮ă(yu)ㄡ@ЩnjxкͷɽȫĂԽY(ji)ϳɵļwǏģѸġˇԵ^wx|(zh)ϲ^һNTotalitarianism,ֱgǡwxJһߟoϵwʹ@ġɵġw(qun)@ͽoO(qun)x͂xĽY(ji)ṩһgڌ(do)ԽʼO˵؉ւԽK@һɵı[18](dng)c@NɵıDy۵Čm(x)ġy(tng)_ͨδĬF(xin)֮·
F(xin)cF(xin)ČʹЇ(dng)γһĻ۹Ļxķġr1940۹ȫĻ1949֮_ֻ1970Ļ_ꑄt۹D(zhun)K(lin)͡xꇠIĻǡ]B(ti)cĬF(xin)P(gun)۹ܵкͷָ؟(z)顰x⡱ꑑm(x)c(lin)ϵǡĸ_ʮĻxıA̧^F(xin)ԵĽɫĻxĻĹ֮ͬͨ̎Կǽ^@(dng)cĻ֮rʹ]IJաߡMĻġ廯}@ijЩvʷl®(dng)ȻһıȻcvʷV҂^廯ЃɷNһNǷeO_͵JĻĹ֮ͬͨ̎cڰЩ(yu)Ė|Á
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ԒČW(xu)Ą(chung)fЇԒһ_ʼڡ廯·ϵġһhWٻcy(tng)ˇg(sh)YԴ䄓(chung)ʹȡԒ@NʽZL(fng)ˇg(sh)ζԼƷ(ni)еǷNF(xin)ЇˡľoǡЇ˵30ЇԒڅʲôС족ѽ(jng)׃ɵصصЇF(xin)һNʽһNΑB(ti)lfhخܵ˵ЩԒЇF(xin)Ľ(jng)ΛrЇԒĮa(chn)Ͱl(f)չҲǃHHһˇg(sh)ʽĆ}ЇĻF(xin)һ˵ĬF(xin)tҪă(ni)ݡġԁԒĆx䌦˵ĬF(xin)֪@ӿڿՕrP(gun)ڑʽӑՓǷNġɾġ廯̖(c̎xһ)
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廯ǰǬF(xin)@߉sˡ^ɫҲ׃˾ܽ^MĻēƣ߳ɞ(f)fͬxZ픶ͣijЩg(sh)ֶκʽصİúģ
90Ļx˼ķEһNǶǵ^cJ飺ԽľԽġҰѴԒİl(f)(qun)w֮Ѹ䌍Ѹд1934419ꐟfF(xin)ڵČW(xu)Ҳһеطɫʵ׳ɞeעȥЇ֮[19]Ոעطɫʡڡԡeע⡱Ҳǫ@ˡx˼@vˇg(sh)еġsˇg(sh)rֵJͬеԆ}ˡ߉(yng)ԓ@ӵģһxˇg(sh)ȻǾɫһоɫˇg(sh)Գɞġ
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20oЇSĬF(xin)Ml(f)(f)s׃c(jng)ΡĻ׃(lin)ϵc˼˵ĠB(ti)m(yng)m(x)y(tng)Ļ|(zh)Ļă(yu)ɹ(ni)c|(zh)⚤кܴĸº̈́(chung)Щ(yu)đʹЇ˽wԼʽh(hun)ԊʘԼpԼJRԼԼAԼĶ_ؾĿg(yu)Ļh(hun)@ЩÑ?q)ʷ棬ɞ?jng)
cF(xin)RȁĻЇĻĜYԴcF(xin)ҪڑI(lng)׃һ_ʼF(xin)x֮dwЇ֮F(xin)͡ԒQcЇ֮ŵ䄡͡ĸĶʹǧ겻׃ġһԪB(ti)׃?yu)顰ԒԪB(ti)Їl(f)չĻֻdžcF(xin)RwF(xin)҂ʮǰġЇF(xin)ʷ塷ѽ(jng)ָ^˵xxۇxԼ(chung)ϵĬF(xin)xȻں50ĬF(xin)M˸(f)sҲyReۺAMoԸӡF(xin)ĸXĸĽyʹЇXѡ`XcF(xin)R(jng)vˏؽۚv̡
R˼xcxȻMF(xin)ֻܰMһl(f)չ˵@ЩQܸc(lin)ϵ20o50ĚvʷV҂c@ЩF(xin)R֮(lin)ϵ(jng)Ļܽl(f)չ˼롢˾ͳMݡF(xin)͕ߓP֮@N(lin)ϵӖ(xn)ʮ֑Kʹ@һcHıijЩrǡĸrڑuоͿ÷dzʹm(yng)(jng)ĻĸĸM˼롢˵M˞鱾O(sh)CЇF(xin)I(y)ҵԼǡ(dng)λãЇͬһ҂(yng)еŬ
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[3] []ER˾^F(xin)ԥ g181188퓣Ϻgij1996档
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[5] ﱾ һ܊`ꡪخLՄ䛡2542K2001
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[12] ƣfҟ𡷣(chung)ӛ203퓣Ї2004
[13] R˼˹xһ273퓣1972
[14] ѸĻƫՓѸȫһ5057ČW(xu)1981
[15] mBԼ˼롷mļ511512W(xu)1998
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[17] 棨˹꣩f֮ԭ³һ1̖191911գ
[18] ؕ^m(x)з˼ɡϷĩ2006615
[19] Ѹȫʮ391ČW(xu)1981
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