盤縣山地特色優(yōu)質(zhì)烤煙特性分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-23 來源: 日記大全 點(diǎn)擊:
摘 要:為明確盤縣烤煙質(zhì)量特征和工業(yè)可用性,為盤縣煙區(qū)煙葉的有效合理利用、種植布局、栽培技術(shù)的改進(jìn)以及卷煙工業(yè)企業(yè)采購原料等提供參考依據(jù),以2013—2015年盤縣烤煙主栽品種X2F、C3F、B2F的共81個(gè)初烤煙葉樣品為材料,系統(tǒng)研究了煙葉外觀質(zhì)量、感官質(zhì)量、物理特性及化學(xué)成分等指標(biāo),對(duì)盤縣山地特色優(yōu)質(zhì)烤煙進(jìn)行了質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果表明:盤縣煙葉外觀質(zhì)量整體較好。各部位煙葉平衡含水率、葉面密度、填充值總體表現(xiàn)較好,含梗率適中,下部葉片偏薄。盤縣煙葉中偏清香型香氣特征,香氣狀態(tài)飄逸,濃度中等,勁頭中等,香氣質(zhì)中偏上,香氣量較足、較透發(fā),煙氣細(xì)膩、較柔和、較圓潤(rùn),微有刺激性,微有干燥感、余味尚凈尚舒適,稍有枯焦氣、生青氣和木質(zhì)氣。化學(xué)成分總體協(xié)調(diào),均處于工業(yè)可用性范圍之內(nèi),煙堿含量逐年增加,總糖和還原糖含量年度間差異較大,其它化學(xué)成分指標(biāo)變化較小。
關(guān)鍵詞:盤縣;烤煙;特性分析
中圖分類號(hào):S572 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A DOI 編碼:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.12.015
Abstract:In order to clarify the quality characteristics of flue-cured tobacco and industrial usability, with a view to provide an effective basis for the rational use of tobacco leaves, planting layout, cultivation techniques, as well as cigarette industry enterprises to purchase raw materials, different parts of tobacco leaf of the main tobacco varieties in Panxian mountain areas in 2013 to 2015 were selected to study. The appearance quality, sensory quality, physical properties and chemical composition of tobacco leaf were studied systematically, for the quality evaluation and characteristic orientation of high quality flue-cured tobacco in Panxian Mountain Areas. The results showed that the tobacco leaf appearance quality in Panxian was better, the leaf water content, leaf density and filling value were better, and the lower leaf was thinner. The aroma was moderate, medium, more than the foot, more transparent. The smoke was delicate, softer, more rounded, slightly irritating, slightly fragrant aroma, micro-dry feeling, and aftertaste still the net and comfortable. It has slightly dry coke gas, green gas and wood gas. The total chemical composition was in the range of industrial availability, the content of nicotine increasing year by year, the content of total sugar and reducing sugar was different, and the change of other chemical components index was small.
Key words: Panxian; flue-cured tobacco; characteristic analysis
煙葉是卷煙工業(yè)的主要原料,卷煙產(chǎn)品的外觀質(zhì)量和燃吸品質(zhì)的好壞直接由其質(zhì)量的好壞決定[1]?緹煹南阈惋L(fēng)格是由遺傳因素、生態(tài)因素和栽培技術(shù)措施共同決定的。氣候和土壤是影響煙草生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育的基礎(chǔ)生態(tài)因素,不同煙區(qū)氣候和土壤環(huán)境為煙草生長(zhǎng)提供的光照、溫度、養(yǎng)分和水分等存在較大差異,對(duì)烤煙煙葉品質(zhì)的形成影響較大[2-4]。栽培措施主要影響烤煙生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育過程中一系列生理代謝活動(dòng),進(jìn)而影響煙葉香氣物質(zhì)的含量和組成[5-6]。
烤煙風(fēng)格特征是煙區(qū)煙葉特色的主要標(biāo)志,同時(shí)也是工業(yè)企業(yè)卷煙配方的主要依據(jù)之一,致香物質(zhì)和香型風(fēng)格是反映烤煙風(fēng)格特征的重要指標(biāo)[7-9]。感官質(zhì)量是卷煙產(chǎn)品的重要評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),是煙葉制品的基礎(chǔ)和核心[10-11]。特色煙葉是具有鮮明地域特點(diǎn)和質(zhì)量風(fēng)格特征的煙葉,能在卷煙配方中發(fā)揮獨(dú)特作用[12]。當(dāng)前烤煙香型風(fēng)格是我國(guó)特色煙葉研究和開發(fā)的熱點(diǎn)[13]。因此,煙葉產(chǎn)區(qū)應(yīng)非常重視烤煙風(fēng)格特征的研究和挖掘,從而促進(jìn)煙葉產(chǎn)區(qū)的發(fā)展,進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化和彰顯特色。
本試驗(yàn)主要研究了2013—2015年盤縣山地特色優(yōu)質(zhì)烤煙的外觀質(zhì)量、感官質(zhì)量、物理特性及化學(xué)成分含量,旨在明確盤縣烤煙質(zhì)量特征和工業(yè)可用性,為盤縣煙區(qū)煙葉的有效合理利用、種植布局、栽培技術(shù)的改進(jìn)以及卷煙工業(yè)企業(yè)采購原料等提供參考依據(jù)。
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