上部煙葉留葉數(shù)對不同海拔區(qū)域烤煙產(chǎn)值量的影響
發(fā)布時間:2019-08-25 來源: 日記大全 點擊:
摘要[目的]確定云煙87在利川市海拔1 000~1 200 m區(qū)域種植時的最適留葉數(shù)。[方法]采用田間小區(qū)試驗,研究了海拔1 000、1 100和1 200 m區(qū)域上部煙葉留葉數(shù)對云煙87生育期、赤星病發(fā)病情況、上三葉和下三葉產(chǎn)值量的影響。[結果]在海拔1 000~1 200 m煙區(qū),上部煙葉留葉數(shù)在8片時,赤星病的發(fā)病率在5%~9%,減少留葉數(shù)能夠有效減少赤星病的發(fā)生。在海拔1 000 m和1 100 m煙區(qū),與上部煙葉留葉4片和8片相比,留葉6片增加了上三葉和下三葉的產(chǎn)量和產(chǎn)值。而在海拔1 200 m煙區(qū),上部煙葉不同留葉數(shù)對上三葉和下三葉產(chǎn)量的影響表現(xiàn)出不同的變化規(guī)律,但是留葉8片處理烤煙上三葉和下三葉的產(chǎn)值均最高。[結論]在利川市海拔1 000~1 100 m煙區(qū),種植云煙87適宜的上部煙葉留葉數(shù)為6片,而1 200 m以上以留葉8片為優(yōu)。
關鍵詞 留葉數(shù);海拔;上三葉;下三葉;產(chǎn)值量
中圖分類號 S572 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2016)05-055-03
Abstract[Objective]To determine the appropriate upper remained leaves of Yunyan 87 on the altitudes of 1 000-1 200 m in Lichuan City.[Method]Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of upper remained leaves on fluecured tobacco growth periods, disease ocurrence of brown spot, yield and quantity on the altitudes of 1 000, 1 100 and 1 200 m.[Result]On the altitude of 1 000-1 200 m, when the upper remained leaves was eight films, the incidence rate of tobacco brown spot was 5%-9%; and reduction of the upper remained leaves effectively reduced the disease. On the altitudes of 1 000 and 1 100 m, compared with 4 and 8 upper remained leaves, 6 upper remained leaves treatments increased the yields and values of the topmost three leaves and the bottommost three leaves. On the altitude of 1 200 m, the effects of upper remained leaves on the topmost three leaves and the bottommost three leaves yield presented the different trends, but the highest value of the topmost three leaves and the bottommost three leaves was obtained by 8 upper remained leaves treatments.[Conclusion]The appropriate number of upper remained leaves for Yunyan 87 is 6 on an altitude of 1 000-1 100 m in Lichuan city. However, the appropriates number of upper ramained leaves is 8 on altitude of 1 200 m in Lichuan city.
Key words Remained leaves; Altitude; Topmost three leaves; Bottommost three leaves; Yield and quantity
利川市位于鄂西南武陵山區(qū),屬云貴山脈的東延部分,海拔介于1 000~1 500 m,屬梯形立體地貌。經(jīng)過不同海拔、氣候、土壤等條件的多年篩選和布局結構的調整,該市現(xiàn)已穩(wěn)定10個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)為烤煙生產(chǎn)主要種植區(qū),常年種煙面積已達6 667 hm2。
上部煙葉留葉數(shù)與煙株的田間性狀密切相關,對煙葉產(chǎn)量及品質有著重要的影響[1-2]。留葉數(shù)偏少會導致上部葉片肥大,煙堿含量過高,最終導致煙葉的可用性降低;留葉數(shù)偏多雖然可以增加單位土地面積煙葉數(shù)量和葉片煙堿含量,但是會造成上部葉不開片和商品等級降低等問題[3-4]。筆者通過研究上部煙葉留葉數(shù)對不同海拔區(qū)域云煙87赤星病的發(fā)生和不同部位煙葉產(chǎn)值量等的影響,以尋求云煙87在海拔1 000~1 200 m區(qū)域種植的最適留葉數(shù),為云煙87在利川高山區(qū)域種植提供理論依據(jù)。
1 材料與方法
1.1 試驗品種與地點
供試品種為云煙87。試驗地點分別位于利川市沙溪鄉(xiāng)建設村11組(海拔1 000 m),pH 6.40、有機質29.02 g/kg、堿解氮158.00 mg/kg、速效磷10.81 mg/kg、速效鉀87.50 mg/kg;涼霧鄉(xiāng)諸天村4組(海拔1 100 m),pH 5.66、有機質24.11 g/kg、堿解氮101.20 mg/kg、速效磷15.97 mg/kg、速效鉀99.32 mg/kg;南坪鄉(xiāng)塘坊村11組(海拔1 200 m),pH 6.28、有機質21.67 g/kg、堿解氮118.75 mg/kg、速效磷9.17 mg/kg、速效鉀160.72 mg/kg。試驗區(qū)氣候條件見表1。
相關熱詞搜索:烤煙 煙葉 海拔 產(chǎn)值 區(qū)域
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