摘要：為研究煙葉全面質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)的新方法，2014年于四川省寧南縣采集煙葉樣品，測(cè)定分析了烤煙的外觀質(zhì)量、物理特性、化學(xué)成分、中性致香物質(zhì)和感官質(zhì)量，并應(yīng)用主成分分析和聚類(lèi)分析對(duì)煙葉38個(gè)質(zhì)量指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了分析和聚類(lèi)。結(jié)果表明，38個(gè)指標(biāo)共提取出了7個(gè)主成分，方差累計(jì)貢獻(xiàn)率為87.37%，基本上反映了原來(lái)變量的全部信息；煙葉樣品經(jīng)過(guò)聚類(lèi)分析共分成3類(lèi)，經(jīng)過(guò)判別分析驗(yàn)證，正確率達(dá)92.86%；最適宜種植烤煙的海拔高度為1 450 m，其次為海拔1 750 m，海拔2 050 m種植效果最差，黃壤種植效果優(yōu)于紅壤，云煙87和云煙85種植效果優(yōu)于云煙97。
　　關(guān)鍵詞：主成分分析；聚類(lèi)分析；煙葉；全面質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)
　　中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)：S572 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A 文章編號(hào)：0439-8114（2016）19-5163-03
　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.19.070
　　The Application of the Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis in Overall Quality Evaluation of Tobacco
　　L？譈 Peng-hui1，YE Xie-feng1，YUE Dong-lin2，F(xiàn)AN Fang-bing2，TIAN Sheng-guo2，LI Yan-jie2，
　　LU Jian3，ZOU Hui-yu3，ZHOU Han-hong4，LI Yan4，YU Jian-jun1
　　（1. College of Tobacco Science， Henan Agricultural University，Zhengzhou 450002， China； 2. Gansu Tobacco Industrial Co.， Ltd.， Lanzhou 730000， China； 3. Ningnan Branch Company， Liangshan Prefecture Company of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company， Ningnan 615400， Sichuan， China； 4. Wuhan Cigarette Factory， Wuhan 430000， China）
　　Abstracts： In order to study the new method of overall quality evaluation of tobacco， tobacco leaves were collected from Ningnan county of Sichuan province in 2014， and their appearance quality， physical properties，chemical components， neutral aroma components and sensory quality were determined and analyzed. 38 quality indexes of tobacco leaf were analyzed and clustered by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that，seven principal components were extracted from 38 indexes， and cumulative contribution rate of variance was 87.37%，which basically reflected all information of original variable； tobacco leaves were divided into three categories by cluster analysis，and correct rate reached 92.86% by discriminant analysis. The optimum altitute for planting flue-cured tobacco was 1 450 m，followed by the altitute 1 750 m， and 2 050 m in turn， the planting effects of yellow soil was better than that of red soil，and the planting effects of Yunyan 87 and Yunyan 85 were better than that of Yunyan 97.
　　Key words： principal component analysis； cluster analysis； tobacco leaf； overall quality evaluation
　　煙草是中國(guó)重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物之一，種植面積和總產(chǎn)量居世界第一位，在中國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中占有重要地位[1]。然而煙草對(duì)環(huán)境條件的變化十分敏感，環(huán)境條件的差異不僅影響煙草的形態(tài)特征和農(nóng)藝性狀，而且還直接影響煙葉的化學(xué)成分和質(zhì)量[2]�？緹熎贩N、土壤類(lèi)型和海拔因素是導(dǎo)致烤煙內(nèi)含物存在地域差異和產(chǎn)量高低的重要生態(tài)因素，對(duì)煙葉的產(chǎn)量和產(chǎn)值、化學(xué)成分、致香物質(zhì)含量和感官質(zhì)量有很大的影響[3-5]。當(dāng)前對(duì)煙葉進(jìn)行質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)的方法主要有外觀質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)法、常規(guī)化學(xué)成分評(píng)價(jià)法、感官質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)法等[6-8]。而外觀評(píng)價(jià)和感官質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)方法受主觀影響較大，化學(xué)成分分析法不能完整如實(shí)地反映煙葉的質(zhì)量，因此構(gòu)建一種評(píng)價(jià)煙葉全部質(zhì)量指標(biāo)的模型顯得尤為重要。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：分析 煙葉 成分 評(píng)價(jià) 質(zhì)量