當(dāng)歸藥材生產(chǎn)區(qū)劃研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-29 來(lái)源: 日記大全 點(diǎn)擊:
[摘要] 通過走訪和實(shí)地調(diào)查,收集當(dāng)歸在全國(guó)的栽培信息。以當(dāng)歸藥材主產(chǎn)區(qū)43個(gè)采樣點(diǎn)為分析基點(diǎn),分析當(dāng)歸各類功效性成分,綜合氣候、地形等相關(guān)生態(tài)因子,利用GIS技術(shù)和最大信息熵模型分析當(dāng)歸適宜性分布。應(yīng)用R語(yǔ)言構(gòu)建當(dāng)歸有效成分與環(huán)境因子之間的關(guān)系模型,采用ArcGIS 軟件空間計(jì)算方法進(jìn)行當(dāng)歸品質(zhì)區(qū)劃。研究結(jié)果顯示影響當(dāng)歸適宜性分布的主要生態(tài)因子為海拔、土壤亞類、5月份降水量和最暖月最高溫等4個(gè)生態(tài)因子,這與當(dāng)歸喜冷涼濕潤(rùn)氣候,適宜于分布在土層深厚區(qū)域的生活習(xí)性相一致。此外,以當(dāng)歸功效性成分為指標(biāo)的生態(tài)適宜性區(qū)劃結(jié)果還提供了傳統(tǒng)分布區(qū)以外的新適宜分布區(qū),為開展當(dāng)歸合理引種栽培提供了科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 當(dāng)歸;生產(chǎn)區(qū)劃;最大信息熵模型;生態(tài)因子;生態(tài)適宜性;ArcGIS
[Abstract] The distribution information of Chinese angelica was collected by interview investigation and field survey, and 43 related environmental factors were collected, some kinds of functional chemical constituents of Angelica sinensis were analyzed. Integrated climate, topography and other related ecological factors, the habitat suitability study was conducted based on Arc geographic information system(ArcGIS),and maximum entropy model. Application of R language to establish the relationship between the effective component of Chinese angelica and enviromental factors model, using ArcGIS software space to carry out space calculation method for the quality regionalization of Chinese angelica. The results showed that 4 major ecological factors had obvious influence on ecology suitability distributions of Chinese angelica, including altitude, soil sub category, May precipitation and the warmest month of the highest temperature, et al. It is suitable for the living habits of the Chinese angelica, cold and humid climate, which is suitable for the deep area of the soil. In addition, the ecological suitability regionalization based on the effect of Chinese angelica also provides a new suitable distribution area other than the traditional distribution area, which provides a scientific basis for the reasonable introduction of Chinese angelica.
[Key words] Chinese angelica; production regionalization; maximum entropy model(MaxEnt model); ecological factors; ecology suitability; ArcGIS
doi:10.4268/cjcmm20161705
當(dāng)歸為重要的道地藥材,來(lái)源于傘形科植物當(dāng)歸Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels的干燥根,其臨床應(yīng)用十分廣泛[1]。具有活血補(bǔ)血,調(diào)經(jīng)止痛,潤(rùn)燥滑腸之功效。當(dāng)歸是典型的生境主導(dǎo)型道地藥材[2],其品質(zhì)受產(chǎn)地生態(tài)環(huán)境影響顯著[3],商品藥材全部依靠栽培生產(chǎn)提供,傳統(tǒng)一直以甘肅岷縣、宕昌地區(qū)所產(chǎn)尊為道地。目前主要產(chǎn)地集中于甘肅南部,云南、四川、湖北等地也有少量分布[4],近年來(lái)受當(dāng)歸價(jià)格上漲等因素的影響,一些非傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)區(qū)紛紛引種[5],且種植規(guī)模有迅速擴(kuò)張趨勢(shì)。但由于藥材與其引種地生態(tài)環(huán)境適宜性相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)性研究工作的缺乏,導(dǎo)致了各地所產(chǎn)當(dāng)歸藥材質(zhì)量參差不齊甚至引種失敗,給我國(guó)當(dāng)歸藥材生產(chǎn)的穩(wěn)定性帶來(lái)很大的隱患。
本文在我國(guó)當(dāng)歸各主產(chǎn)區(qū)實(shí)地調(diào)查采樣與質(zhì)量分析的基礎(chǔ)上,基于空間分析技術(shù),利用最大信息熵模型耦合其他統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法,探討當(dāng)歸藥材品質(zhì)和生態(tài)環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系,對(duì)藥材品質(zhì)進(jìn)行等級(jí)劃分,得到當(dāng)歸生態(tài)適宜性區(qū)劃圖。研究結(jié)果對(duì)我國(guó)當(dāng)歸藥材種植合理生產(chǎn)布局具有重要指導(dǎo)意義。
1 材料
1.1 當(dāng)歸樣品采集
當(dāng)歸樣品采樣時(shí)間為2013年10上旬至11月上旬采集,樣品均為二年生栽培當(dāng)歸A. sinensis的根,每個(gè)樣地不少于5株,統(tǒng)一陰干后,打粉,過3號(hào)篩,冷凍保存處理。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:當(dāng)歸 區(qū)劃 藥材 生產(chǎn) 研究
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