英文閱讀短文篇一：英語閱讀理解

內(nèi)蒙古工業(yè)大學(xué)2015—2016 學(xué)年第二學(xué)期

《大學(xué)英語（四）》期末考試試卷 A

（課程代碼: 080111004）

試卷審核人

注意事項(xiàng)：1. 本試卷適用于14級(jí)非英語專業(yè)本科學(xué)生（非藝術(shù)類）使用。

2. 本試卷共 頁，滿分100分。答題時(shí)間90分鐘。

3. 請(qǐng)將選擇題答案涂在答題紙上，做在試卷上不得分。

4. 本試卷類型為A，未在答題卡試卷類型位置正確填涂的記0分。

班級(jí)： 姓名： 學(xué)號(hào)：英語教師：__________

I. Reading Comprehension（本題每題2分，共20小題，40分） by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are

four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice

and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line

through the center.

Passage 1 A

There are three kinds of goals: short-term, medium-range and long-term goals.

Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities, which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less or two weeks, or possible

months. It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation, our long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.

The intermediate goals are built on the foundation of the short-range goals. They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year, or they could even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time, you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step, you will enforce the belief in your

ability to grow and succeed. And as your list of completion dates grow, your motivation and desire will increase.

Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing. We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.

1. Our long-term goals mean a lot .

A) if we complete our short-range goals

B) if we cannot reach solid short-term goals

C) if we write down the dates

D) if we put forward some plans

2. New short-term goals are build upon.

A) two years

B) long-term goals

C) current activities

D) the goals that have been completed

3. When we complete each step of our goals,A. we will win final success

B. we are overwhelmed

C. we should build up confidence of success

D. we should have strong desire for setting new goals.

4. Once our goals are drawn up,.

A) we should stick to them until we complete them

B) we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities

C) we had better wait for the exciting news of success

D) we have made great decision

5. It is implied but not stated in the passage that

A) those who have long-term goals will succeed

B) writing down the dates may discourage you

C) the goal is only a guide for us to reach our destination

D) everyone should have a goal

Passage 2

A proverb allegedly from ancient China was widely spread in the west:"If you want to be happy for a few hours，go to get drunk; if you want the happiness to last three years，get

married; if you want a lifetime happiness，take up gardening." The reason for the last option is this：Gardening is not only useful, but it helps you to identify yourself with nature，and thus brings you new joy each day besides improving your health.

A research of a US university that I've read gives a definition of happiness as what makes a person feel comfortably pleased. To put it specifically, happiness is an active state of mind where one thinks one's life is meaningful, satisfactory and comfortable. This should be something lasting rather than transitory.

Lots of people regard it the happiest to be at leisure. But according to the study, it is not a person with plenty of leisure but one at work that feels happy, especially those busy with work having little time for leisure. Happiness does not spell gains one is after but a desire to harvest what one is seeking for. People often do not cherish what they already have but yearn for what they cannot get. That is somewhat like a man indulging in dreams of numerous lovers while reluctant to settle down with the woman beside him.

Happiness is a game balancing between two ends -- what one has and what one wishes for, e.g. one's dream and the possibility to realize it. The study comes to this conclusion: A happy man is one who aims high but never forgets his actual situation; one who meets

challenges that tap his ability and potentiality; one who is proud of his achievements and the recognition given to him. He has self-respect and self-confidence; treasures his own identity and loves freedom. He is sociable and enjoys wide-range communication with others; he is helpful and ready to accept assistance. He knows he is able to endure sufferings and

frustrations; he is sensible enough to get fun from daily chores. He is a man capable of love and passion. 6.According to the passage, gardening can bring lifelong happiness because

A. gardening is a profitable business.

B. it can strength gardener's ability to remake nature.

C. gardener can enjoy very happy marriage.

D. gardener can build good relationship with nature.

7.It can be concluded from the research of the university that most people feel happy

A. they are at leisure.

B. they are gardening.

C. they are engaged in working..

D. they have numerous lovers.

8.The author mentions a man indulging in fond dreams of numerous lovers in

A. demonstrate the serious problem in marriage in modern society. B. illustrate that only this kind of man can possess happiness. C. show that this kind of man has plenty of leisure time to do what they want. D. give an example of a person who doesn't care for what he already possesses. 9.Which of the following is more likely to be unhappy according to the study? A. The one who has self-esteem and has confidence in himself. B. The one who is ambitious regardless of his actual situation. C. The one who can take pleasure in communicating with others. D. The one who are ready to render help and accept help from others. 10.From the passage we know that happiness is __D__ ? A. taking up gardening.. B. getting everything what one longs for. C. a game to have dreamlike musings or fantasies while awake. D. a balance between what one owns or what one dreams of.

Passage 3

There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.

The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the dishes, the goodness of wines, the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be more to be pitied. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes.

Although in fact it is chiefly an act of imagination, it has serious consequence in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. If they bring

on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change this bad habit and to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.

11. According to the author, the major reason to cause the difference between happy and A. that they have different life styles.

B. that they have fewer friends.

C. that they look at things differently.

D. that they are not on good terms with the people around them.

12. The basic difference between happy and unhappy people lies in the facts that A. they focus on different aspects of their life.

B. they have different attitudes towards other people.

C. they have different personalities.

D. they come from different family backgrounds.

13. The sentence " The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by A. criticizing has become a habit and no one wants to imitate them.

B. criticizing and being disgusted has become a tendency and it is caused initially by imitation

C. this tendency should not be imitated.

D. imitation is one of the reasons why they always criticize others.

14. What does "condescend" in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Retentive

B. Force themselves

C. Make efforts

D. Be humble and accept

A. unhappy people always put themselves at rather unfavorable positions.

B. unhappy people can be suitable to be leaders.

C. unhappy people are always easy to become successful

D. unhappy people do not like to be mixed up with other people.

Passage 4

About 2 percent of American students are now taught at home. Educators are confused

英文閱讀短文篇二：英語閱讀理解

Common Problems,Common Solutions

The chances are that you made up your mind about smoking a long time ago - and decided it's not for you.

The chances are equally good that you know a lot of smokers - there are,after all about 60 million of them,work with them,and get along with them very well.

And finally it's a pretty safe bet that you're open-minded and interested in all the various issues about smokers and nonsmokers - or you wouldn't be reading this.

And those three things make you incredibly（難以置信地）important today.

Because they mean that yours is the voice - not the smoker's and not the anti-smoker's - that will determine how much of society's efforts should go into building walls that separate us and how much into the search for solutions that bring us together.

For one tragic result of the emphasis on building walls is the diversion（轉(zhuǎn)移）of millions of dollars from scientific research on the causes and cures of diseases which,when all is said and done,still strike the nonsmoker as well as the smoker.One prominent（卓越的）health

organization,to cite（引證）but a single instance,now spends 28 cents of every publicly contributed dollar on “education”（much of it in anti-smoking propaganda and only 2 cents on research.

There will always be some who want to build walls,who want to separate people from

people,and up to a point,even these may serve society.The anti-smoking wall-builders have,to give them their due,helped to make us all more keenly aware of choice.

But our guess,and certainly our hope,is that you are among the far greatest number who know that walls are only temporary（暫時(shí)的）at best,and that over the long run,we can serve society's interest better by working together in mutual accommodation.

Whatever virtue walls may have,they can never move our society toward fundamental

solutions.People who work together on common problems,common solutions,can.

1.What does the word “wall” used in the passage mean?

A.Anti-smoking propaganda.

B.Diseases striking nonsmokers as well as smokers.

C.Rules and regulations that prohibit smoking.

D.Separation of smokers from nonsmokers.

正確答案：D

答案解析：問題問“文章中的墻指代什么?”。利用wall這個(gè)線索詞在文章中發(fā)現(xiàn)了位于

第5段中答案相關(guān)句“……把我們（和吸煙者）分開的墻……。家族詞的出現(xiàn)也是確認(rèn)答案的線索：該題中separate在原文中separation在備選答案中。

2.In paragraph 4,“you” refers to ______.

A.smokers

B.nonsmokers

C.anti-smokers

D.smokers who have quitted smoking

正確答案：D

答案解析：問題問“第4段中you 指代什么?”。You從第1段就開始出現(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)指第1段中所說的“已經(jīng)放棄吸煙的吸煙者”。

3.It is evident that the author is not in favor of ______.

A.building a wall between smokers and nonsmokers

B.doing scientific research at the expense of one's health

C.bringing smokers and nonsmokers together

D.proving accommodation for smokers

正確答案：A

答案解析：該題問“很明顯作者不主張什么?”。文章的最后一段說“無論什么樣的道德墻都未曾也不能推動(dòng)我們的社會(huì)去解決基本的問題”，可見作者很反對(duì)wall的建立。而只有A提到了wall，所以選擇A。

4.As is suggested,the common solution to the common problem is ______.

A.to separate people from people

B.to work together in mutual accommodation

C.to make us more keenly aware of choice

D.to serve society's interests better

正確答案：B

答案解析：該題問“正如在文章中所表明的那樣，普通問題的普通解決的方法應(yīng)該是……”。在第8段中可以找到答案。

5.According to the passage,the writer looks upon the anti-smoking wall-builders' actions ______.

A.optimistically

B.pessimistically

C.unconcernedly

D.skeptically

正確答案：D

答案解析：該題問“作者對(duì)建立吸煙隔離墻的行為的態(tài)度是什么?”。D “懷疑的”最合適。

英文閱讀短文篇三：英語閱讀理解分享

TOPIC1----PASSAGE D 題材：喬布斯 記敘文

Steve Jobs,the CEO(chief executive officer) of Apple passed away , at the age of 56 . He was born in San Francisco in 1955 . The Jobs family moved from San Francisco to Mountain View , California when Steve was five years old . His father , Paul Jobs taught his son how to work with his hands . His mother taught him how to read before he went to school .

Steve finished his primary school and high school in California . In 1974 , he took his first job as a technician(技師) at a company , but he wasn’t interested in it . In 1976 , he and his best friend , Steve Wozniak , made up their own company---Apple .

In 1985 , he left Apple and had his own company---Next Computer . A year later , Jobs was running out of money . With the help of a rich man , Steve worked hard at the technology of computer , and produced computer-animated feature films . In 1996 , Apple bought his company , and he became the CEO of Apple in 1997 . Steve built Apple to be one of the world’s best computer companies , and their many

Steve had to leave Apple because of his bad health on August 24th , 2011 . He died of cancer(癌癥) at home on October 5th , 2011 .

TOPIC1----PASSAGE E 題材：非洲饑餓 說明文

Farmers are busy harvesting in July and August in many countries . But in some African countries , things are different . Lots of people there have nothing to harvest , they are facing the Africa’s children are in huger . Many of them die of hunger every year .

An officer of UN said , they need 2 billion dollars to help the hungry people this year . But now , they only have raised 1.1 billion up to now . That means many people in Africa will have no food to eat .

Drought is one of the reasons that caused hunger in Africa . There is little rain in Africa every year and plants can’ts grow well in the dry land . In Niger , it has no rain for three months .Farmland has changed into wasteland . In some countryside , many people have to eat a kind of tree leaves .

In Niamey , the capital of Niger , hundreds and thousands of people took to the streets to ask the government to give them free food . One of the slogans says , “We are too hungry . Help us , please!” The UN Word Food Progran says Niger needs about six million dollars to help the people . But they only have got nearly a half . If the people can’t get help from other countries , fifteen thousand children will die of hunger .

TOPIC2----PASSAGE A 題材：移民生活 記敘文

Nina Gonmez had a new backpack . In it she carried pencils , paper , and other school supplies(用品) . On her feet were a new pair of shoes . Her mother was near her side . Still , her heart raced(加速) with fear . “Mum ,” Nina said , holding(握住) her mother’s hand ,”will there be other Latinos in my class?”

“We will not know until we get there ,”her mother answered . “I am sure you will make friends . Do not be afraid .”

Nina missed her old school . There , she had Latino and also non-Latino friends.Why did they have to move? What if (假如) her new classmates didn’t like her? Nina missed Jodi and Carmen . Were they on the way to their first day of school? Were they thinking about her and missing her too?

Nina had learned that some people did not like Latinos . When her family had to their native country . Nina’s father had told her to ignore(不理睬) rude people . He had a card that gave them the right to be in the USA .Then Nina’s parents had made friends , and Nina had made friends too . They were happy . But later they had to move so that her dad could get a better job .

TOPIC2----PASSAGE B 題材：準(zhǔn)備入學(xué) 記敘文

Katie was going to school .Her mother helped her pick out several new dresses .Katie’s grandmother also sent her money to buy school clothes .She wanted Katie to look perfect for her first day at school .

Katie also bought many school supplies

. She put her name on everything so she would be ready for school .

Katie visited her school several times berore the first day . She wanted to be sure she knew where everything was . When the class lists were finally posted , she looked through all the lists ,There it was . Her name was on the top of one of the lists :Katie Allen , Class 3 , Grade 1 . She looked at the names of all the children in her classroom . She did not know any of them . Kaite was getting nervous .

The night before school started , Katie laid out(打開) her school clothes . She wanted to get up early so she could be the first one there . She had a hard time getting to sleep .She thought about all the questions everyone has on the first day : What if no one likes me ? What if I forget my lunch ? What if I can’t find anything ? When she finally fell asleep , Katie dreamed she spilled(灑) her tomato soup on her dress . She dreamed she had to stay in school with tomato soup on her dress all day .

TOPIC2----PASSAGE C題材：支持總統(tǒng) 記敘文

We were having lunch in the dining hall then one of my teachers came in and said , “Boys and girls , the president(總統(tǒng)) is very sick , we must all pray for him .” We all got quiet . After a while , he came int the dining hall again and said ,”Boys and girls , President Kennedy died ,go t your classrooms and gather your things ,go home now .”

I walked home with my friends and I was surprised to see my dad’s car in front of the house in the middle of the day because he always came home in the evening .

I walked in to see my parents sitting in front of the TV , and I told them “President Kennedy died !” We sat and watched for the rest of the day . I remember feeling so sad for Caroline for losing her dad .

My parents were Kennedy’sgirl over the 1960 elections(選舉) because her parents were for Nixon , and mine were for Kennedy . She pushed me , and I pushed her back , then she fell and her head was hit , and then I ran away .

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