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        短文改錯(cuò)固定搭配

        發(fā)布時(shí)間:2017-02-03 來(lái)源: 短文摘抄 點(diǎn)擊:

        短文改錯(cuò)固定搭配篇一:高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò) 解題技巧

        高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)

        常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤類型解題技巧

        1. 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)

        每年都有時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤的小題,而且改動(dòng)基本集中在一般過(guò)去時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)之間。時(shí)態(tài)的更改要以上下文的主體時(shí)態(tài)為依據(jù)。

        (1)(2003全國(guó)卷)She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was...

        84. read

        (and連接并列謂語(yǔ))

        (2)(2004江蘇卷)At once I apologize and controlled myself... 83. apologized (and連接并列謂語(yǔ))

        (3)(2004全國(guó)卷) Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class,... 82. talk (根據(jù)sometimes可判斷此句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))

        (4)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I will write again and send you the photos we take together.85. took

        (把照片寄給你,應(yīng)該是已經(jīng)拍好的,用過(guò)去時(shí))

        (5)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. One of them was that they can earn money. 77. is

        (從上下文判斷,應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用is)

        (6)(2005江蘇卷)We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. 76. kept (and連接并列謂語(yǔ))

        2. 名詞單復(fù)數(shù)

        單復(fù)數(shù)互改是高考英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題的基本題型之一,改動(dòng)的依據(jù)有:一是根據(jù)名詞前的修飾限定成份;二是根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。

        (1)(2003全國(guó)卷)Their word were a great encouragement to me. 85. words

        (是把word改為words 還是把were改為was,根據(jù)名詞前的修飾限定詞their來(lái)決定。)

        (2)(2004江蘇)that was a dinner we had waited for several month. 85. months (several修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞)

        (3)(2004全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) a few minute on the Internet. 77. minutes

        (a few修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞)

        (4)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)But one and a half year later. 79. years

        (one and a half意思為一年半,故判斷此處year應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式)

        (5)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)There are advantage for students to work... 76. advantages (從there are 判斷應(yīng)該用名詞復(fù)數(shù))

        3. 句子結(jié)構(gòu)

        句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面的錯(cuò)誤范圍龐大,解答高考英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題主要可以從以下幾方面來(lái)思考:1)句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整,成份是否冗缺;2)單詞的詞性與其在句中的功能是否相符;3)主謂一致;4)復(fù)合句中連接主句和從句的關(guān)系詞或引導(dǎo)詞的運(yùn)用是否得當(dāng)?shù)取?/p>

        (1)(2004 全國(guó)卷)I won’t be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. 78. because/as

        (復(fù)合句中連接主句和從句的關(guān)系詞運(yùn)用不當(dāng))

        (2)(2004 全國(guó)卷Ⅱ) I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. 81. why (復(fù)合句中連接主句和從句的關(guān)系詞運(yùn)用不當(dāng))

        (3)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)For the most part, students working to earn money for their own use.

        78. work

        (缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)

        (4)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything if they like.

        79. allows

        (主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)Earning their own money,謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用單數(shù))

        (5)(2005江蘇卷)But the most wonderful thing about Jack were his musical ability. 84. was

        (主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù))

        4. 贅述

        高考英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題中的贅述是指在一些固定表達(dá)中或從上下文邏輯來(lái)看用了多余的詞,從而使句子表達(dá)不合規(guī)范或造成邏輯上的重復(fù)。

        (1)(2003全國(guó)卷80)I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day.

        80. should

        (并列謂語(yǔ),should多余)

        (2)(2004 全國(guó)卷)Can you tell me about what I should do?85. about

        (tell sb about/of sth或tell sb接從句)

        (3)(2004重慶卷)I had to look up to the same word many times, ... 78. to

        (look up a word查字典)

        (4)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Some students may also to save up for their college or future use. 84. to (情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may后接動(dòng)詞原形)

        (5)(2005江蘇卷) But for the most wonderful thing about Jack was his musical ability. 83. for (but是連詞for是介詞,不能并列)

        5. 固定結(jié)構(gòu)(固定句型、固定短語(yǔ)、固定搭配)

        所謂固定結(jié)構(gòu)是指英語(yǔ)中一些不能隨意更改的習(xí)慣表達(dá)。如固定短語(yǔ)中的詞不能缺,固定搭配要前后一致等。

        (1)(2003全國(guó)卷81)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was ... 81. talking (enjoy doing為固定短語(yǔ))

        (2)(2004 全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)I am sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. 79. at (laugh at sb. 固定短語(yǔ))

        (3)(2004 浙江卷)from friends can all provide you for stamps from all over the world.

        82. with

        (provide ... with為固定短語(yǔ))

        (4)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I am writing to thank you with your kind help. 76. for

        (thank sb for sth)

        (5)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) or for permission to do things by money. 83. with

        (with money)

        6. 冠詞

        英語(yǔ)中冠詞只有三個(gè),從高考英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題的角度來(lái)看,只能從以下幾個(gè)方向出題:1)不定冠詞a和an互改;2)不定冠詞a或an和定冠詞the互改;3)根據(jù)需要增刪冠詞。

        (1)(2004 全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. 77. the (根據(jù)句義是特指這個(gè)周末)

        (2)(2004江蘇卷)When I was ∧boy, ... 76. ∧a

        (我是一個(gè)男孩,應(yīng)用不定冠詞 a.)

        (3)(2004 遼寧卷)This was my first visit to a English family. 78. an

        (English開(kāi)頭字母是元音,應(yīng)該用an)

        (4)(2004重慶卷)I started writing down words from ∧ books that I read.82. ∧the (名詞后由從句修飾時(shí),應(yīng)使用定冠詞)

        (5)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I hope you’ve had∧pleasant journey home and will come to China

        83. ∧a

        7. 代詞

        代詞不僅要與其所指代對(duì)象一致,其運(yùn)用還要符合上下文的語(yǔ)氣及邏輯關(guān)系。

        (1)(2004 浙江卷)And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own ... 78. their

        (指代對(duì)象應(yīng)一致)

        (2)(2004湖北卷)You have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. 83. them (pupils 是復(fù)數(shù),后應(yīng)該用替代復(fù)數(shù)名詞的代詞。)

        (3)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Some students may also save up for our college or future use. 85. their (指代對(duì)象應(yīng)一致)

        (4)(2005江蘇卷)We often play a trick on himself. 79. him

        (play a trick on sb)

        8. 連詞及與并置問(wèn)題

        連詞連接的前后兩部分是否合乎邏輯;并列連詞所連接的前后兩部分結(jié)構(gòu)是否等同。這兩點(diǎn)是解答連詞及其相關(guān)問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵所在。

        (1)(2004江蘇卷)My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. 79. and (從句意可知,此處表并列關(guān)系,應(yīng)用and)

        (2)(2004全國(guó)卷Ⅳ)My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there. 82. and (并列關(guān)系,“于是、同時(shí)、然后”等意思)

        (3)(2004全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I would describe myself as shy and quietly. 77. quiet

        (連接的詞性應(yīng)一致)

        9. 易混淆的詞或詞組

        易混淆的詞既包括詞意相同或相近的同義詞、近義詞,也包括外形相似、意義有別的詞組。易混淆詞或詞組的辨析也是高考改錯(cuò)題中不容忽視的部分。

        (1)(2004全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Finding information on the Net is easily. 83. easy (be easy 非常容易,形容詞做表語(yǔ))

        (2)(2004福建卷)She called 119 immediate. 84. immediately

        (副詞做狀語(yǔ))

        (3)(2003全國(guó)卷)I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.

        78. everything

        (在陳述句中一般用everything)

        (4)(2004 重慶卷)...but I had terribly problems memorizing them. 77. terrible (作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)用形容詞)

        (5)(2005全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)My pronunciation was terribly. 78.terrible

        (系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞作表語(yǔ))

        以上錯(cuò)誤類型的劃分不一定很科學(xué),但至少能為考生解答高考英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題提供思考方法。一旦考生認(rèn)清了高考英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題的特點(diǎn)、解題方法以及錯(cuò)誤類型,解題時(shí)就不會(huì)盲目從事,而能做到有的放矢。

        短文改錯(cuò)題常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤類型

        1、冠詞的多用、少用、混用。

        2、名詞 的數(shù)與格的誤用。

        3、主謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤。學(xué)生往往容易忽視定語(yǔ)從句中強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主謂一致性。

        4、代詞的指代不一致的錯(cuò)誤。代詞的指代一致性包括人稱、數(shù)、格和性四方面的統(tǒng)一。代詞的人稱可分為第一、二、三人稱和非人稱;代詞的數(shù)分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù);代詞的格分為主格、賓格、所有格還有名詞性物主代詞;代詞的性分為陽(yáng)性、陰性和中性。

        5、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和語(yǔ)氣的誤用。多數(shù)動(dòng)詞有時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、和語(yǔ)氣變化形式,還有上下文的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng),主從句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。

        6、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的誤用。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的難點(diǎn)主要體現(xiàn)在V—ing形式和過(guò)去分詞的用法區(qū)別、V—ing形式與不定式的用法區(qū)別、以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的正確運(yùn)用。

        7、形容詞、副詞的混用及其比較等級(jí)的誤用。形容詞一般在句中作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞,作表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征;而副詞的作用較復(fù)雜,常常修飾形容詞 、副詞 、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞或全句。形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的誤用現(xiàn)象:①省略不當(dāng);②自身比較;③修飾語(yǔ)的誤用;④than連接的兩個(gè)比較對(duì)象不一致或不平行。

        8、關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)的誤用。關(guān)聯(lián)詞分并列連詞 and,but,or,so,when等,從屬連詞——各種從句的引導(dǎo)詞。關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)的誤用除涉及到其基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),還涉及至行文邏輯關(guān)系。短文改錯(cuò)題慣用的命題手法是:①and,but,or,so等之間的混用;②because與so并用;③although與but并用;④why 與because并用;⑤come與go混用;⑥here與there混用。

        9、平行結(jié)構(gòu)的誤用。平行結(jié)構(gòu)是指用一連串作用和結(jié)構(gòu)相同的或相似的成份表達(dá)同一范疇或同一性質(zhì)、密切關(guān)聯(lián)的內(nèi)容。平行結(jié)構(gòu)有詞之間的平行、詞組之間的平行、句子或從句之間的平行、段落之間的平行。在平行結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的并列連詞 有and,but,or,than等。

        10、成分的多與少——多一詞或少一詞。多或少的詞語(yǔ),常見(jiàn)于冠詞、介詞、不定式標(biāo)記to等,不過(guò)有時(shí)也可能是實(shí)義詞。在短文改錯(cuò)中常出現(xiàn)repeat back,serve for等錯(cuò)誤。這類錯(cuò)誤大多由于學(xué)生受漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣的影響,或?qū)τ⒄Z(yǔ)詞義的理解不夠準(zhǔn)確造成的。

        11、固定搭配、習(xí)慣用法和介詞的誤用。短文改錯(cuò)中涉及到固定搭配、習(xí)慣用法常常多用、少用或誤用其中的介詞,有時(shí)也涉及到其中的動(dòng)詞、冠詞的錯(cuò)誤搭配。

        短文改錯(cuò)題常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤類型剖析

        1、多詞

        ①多冠詞。I caught a sigh of my English in the crowd。[析]sight是不可數(shù)名詞,且cath sight of是固定搭配,意為“看見(jiàn)”。故應(yīng)去掉a。

        ②多介詞。We practice for three times every week。此例中是作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的名詞短語(yǔ)多了介詞,故應(yīng)去掉for

        ③固定搭配中多詞。I was used to watch it 。此 例屬于used to do 與be used to兩個(gè)固定搭配的誤用,據(jù)句意應(yīng)去was。即“過(guò)去常常”之意。

        ④行文邏輯上多詞。First,let me tell you something more about myself .由first可知是剛剛開(kāi)始向別人講述自己的事情,故只能說(shuō)something ,而不要加more.

        ⑤詞義重復(fù)。I’ll spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. the whole weekend 意為“整個(gè)周末”,再加上all ,詞義重復(fù)。故去all.

        ⑥出現(xiàn)冗言現(xiàn)象。Today I visited the Smiths __my first time visit to an American family . 本句中first 修飾visit ,vsit 此處為名詞,意為“我的第一次訪問(wèn)”,time多余。

        2、缺詞

        ①名詞前缺限定詞。The day before the speech contest English teacher talked to me .根據(jù)上下文分析,此處English teacher 是有所指的,指的是“我的”英語(yǔ)教師,故應(yīng)English teacher 前加上my ,表達(dá)一個(gè)更確切的概念。

        ②缺動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to. I’d like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning .would like 后面不能直接加動(dòng)詞,需to,構(gòu)成固定搭配would like to do something,意為“想做某事”。

        ③缺系動(dòng)詞。What your favorite sport ?本句缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)在What后面加is .

        短文改錯(cuò)的解題步驟

        1、通讀短文,把握文意。快速閱讀短文,了解短文大意,利用短文大意攻克文中的錯(cuò)誤,切忌拿到短文提筆就改。2、依據(jù)句意和語(yǔ)法逐句判斷。錯(cuò)誤是按行設(shè)置的,但找錯(cuò)不是以行為單位尋找,必須依據(jù)句意和語(yǔ)法分析,逐句或跨行尋找錯(cuò)誤。3、先易后難,逐類排查。先找出比較明顯的錯(cuò)誤,逐步縮小 錯(cuò)誤的范圍。十行之中有一行是正確的。4、利用行文邏輯,突破改錯(cuò)難點(diǎn)。有些行文邏輯錯(cuò)誤,從詞法、句法的角度看是正確的,但是通過(guò)上下文的邏輯分析就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)是錯(cuò)誤的。

        5、復(fù)讀短文,檢查答案,注意行文邏輯關(guān)系的正確合理。

        6、嚴(yán)格按照試題要求答題,萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不能隨心所欲解題。

        短文改錯(cuò)的解題技巧

        1、利用排除法進(jìn)行短文改錯(cuò),所謂“排除法”就是在理解單句或短文大意基本把握住文章整體時(shí)態(tài)的前提下,行不離句,句不離文,將句子分成若干語(yǔ)段,逐一排除,使錯(cuò)誤縮小到最小范圍。再根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)進(jìn)行擴(kuò)散性思考,從而快速找到答案。

        2、發(fā)現(xiàn)有平行結(jié)構(gòu),就要檢查是否有用詞不一致或因成分短缺而引起的句子不平衡錯(cuò)誤。如:She was eating her sandwich and drank her milk at the table when I arrived .此句中并列的平行結(jié)構(gòu)是兩個(gè)語(yǔ)法上相同的謂語(yǔ),故應(yīng)把drank改drinking.

        3、發(fā)現(xiàn)有比較結(jié)構(gòu),就要檢查是否有形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí),比較的對(duì)象等方面的錯(cuò)誤。如:In some places you can borrow many books as you want ,根據(jù)上下文不難發(fā)現(xiàn)該句含“as??as”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子,所以應(yīng)在many前加上as。

        4、發(fā)現(xiàn)有轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、對(duì)比等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),就要檢查是否有行文邏輯方面的錯(cuò)誤。如:His company publishes books and he buys books all over the world .按行文邏輯,應(yīng)把buys 改sells.又如:I like singing ,my brother likes dancing .英語(yǔ)中兩個(gè)分句之間不能僅僅用逗號(hào),而要用合適的連詞連接。故以上兩個(gè)分句之間要加上連詞while 表示對(duì)比。

        5、發(fā)現(xiàn)句子有多重結(jié)構(gòu),就要檢查是否有時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、連詞或成分短缺等錯(cuò)誤。如:He wrote to me immediately as soon as he got there .該句犯了連詞重復(fù)使用的錯(cuò)誤,應(yīng)去掉immediately.

        6、發(fā)現(xiàn)有特殊疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu),就要檢查是否有疑問(wèn)詞使用不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤。如:---How many was the price of your car ?---I bought the car at cheap price ,only S2,000.英語(yǔ)中問(wèn)價(jià)格時(shí),可用what price 或how much 提問(wèn);卮饡r(shí)常用high price low price .所以應(yīng)把句子中的How many 改為What ,把答句中cheap 改為low.

        7、發(fā)現(xiàn)有名詞和代詞時(shí),就要檢查是否有數(shù)、所有格或指代不一致的錯(cuò)誤。如:Some people read the books or watch TV, while others have sports .去掉books前的the ,books在此表示泛指。

        8、發(fā)現(xiàn)有固定短語(yǔ)時(shí),就要檢查副詞、介詞、冠詞是否使用錯(cuò)誤。如:Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd .caught sight of (看見(jiàn))是固定詞組,所以要去掉a.

        短文改錯(cuò)固定搭配篇二:短文改錯(cuò)類型

        全國(guó)高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)題匯編

        第 1 頁(yè) 本資料來(lái)源于《七彩教育網(wǎng)》

        http:// 2013高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)題技巧點(diǎn)撥 短文改錯(cuò)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤類型 1. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn) 常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤類型有 ① 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)錯(cuò)用; ② and 前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致; ③ 主謂不一致; ④ 缺少動(dòng)詞,特別是be動(dòng)詞; ⑤ 第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用; ⑥ 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)用。 1)

        They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.(did 改為do 錯(cuò)誤類型屬于 ①) 2)

        As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.(visiting 改為 visited錯(cuò)誤類型屬于②) 3) There will an important game next month.(will后加be錯(cuò)誤類型屬于④) 4)

        One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.( ③ 主謂不一致)

        2. 名詞的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤 單復(fù)數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用;注意區(qū)分名詞是可數(shù)還是不可數(shù);或根據(jù)名詞前的修飾語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來(lái)判斷。 ① I‘ll get good marks in all

        my subject.(subject 改為subjects) ②

        Their word were a great encouragement to me.(word 改為words) ③ Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改為knowledge) 3. 連詞錯(cuò)誤 連詞包括關(guān)系代詞、副詞,并列連詞and/ or/but等 (一般考查從句關(guān)系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether ) ① I have a good friend

        who‘s name is Liu Mei. (錯(cuò)用了who的所有格形式改為whose) ②

        I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up. (此處應(yīng)該是并列的關(guān)系而非轉(zhuǎn)折,but改為 and) ③ Clever as she is, but she works very hard. ④ When I was a child, rain was a mystery. In one class, I learned it rained.4. 冠詞錯(cuò)誤 誤用a和an(根據(jù)單詞的因素來(lái)判定);誤用a 和the(固定搭配,各自單獨(dú)使用的地方) 多余的冠詞或則少冠詞。 ① We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改為the the same 是固定搭配)

        全國(guó)高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)題匯編

        第 2 頁(yè) ② As everyone knows, it‘s

        famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mountain是可數(shù)名詞需用冠詞,所以加 a ) ③ My teacher advised me to keep my dairy. ④ I hope you have pleasant journey. 5. 形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤 1) 系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性動(dòng)詞 smell /feel) 2) 詞性的誤用形容詞修飾名詞修飾 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,形容詞和副詞,過(guò)去分詞用副詞 ① I‘m sure we‘ll have a

        wonderfully time together. (time是名詞 所以要用形容詞wonderful修飾) ② My pronunciation was terribly.6. 代詞錯(cuò)誤 1)代詞的主格和賓格(I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us They/ them ) 2)反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves) 3)代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù) 4)多余的代詞和少代詞 ① Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express

        me in simple English. (express oneself, me 改為 myself ) ② One day I wrote a little story and showed

        to my teacher. (加it) ③ If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. ④ What‘s more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. 7. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤 1)不定式,動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)。 2)and 連接

        的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后一致(尤其距離較遠(yuǎn)時(shí)), 3)介詞后用動(dòng)名詞ving形式作賓語(yǔ)。 4)某些動(dòng)詞后要求接動(dòng)名詞或不定式。 ① Soon I began to enjoy

        talk to myself on paper as I was…. (enjoy 后需接動(dòng)名詞 talk--talking) ②

        But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(作主語(yǔ) 改為 going ) ③ Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. ④ I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. 8. 介詞錯(cuò)誤 1)詞組中的介詞誤用,2)介詞意思理解偏差,3)介詞的多用或少用

        全國(guó)高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)題匯編

        第 3 頁(yè) ①

        There are too many people among my family. (among 改為in in my family 為固定搭配) ②

        I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉 at ) 短文改錯(cuò)解題思路和檢查原則 1)句中各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整,特別是每個(gè)句子要有動(dòng)詞; 2)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài); 3)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法; 4)名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù),格的使用是否正確; 5)定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確; 6)代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤; 7)定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞、副詞是否準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤; 8)并列句中的并列連詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞用的是否得當(dāng)。 短文改錯(cuò)解題四原則 1)改動(dòng)以最少為原則 2)虛詞以添加或刪除為原則

        3)實(shí)詞以改變?cè)~形為原則 4)以保持句子原意為原則 短文改錯(cuò)解題步驟 1)通讀全文,掌握大意 2)整句分析,逐行推敲3)反復(fù)通讀,復(fù)查驗(yàn)證 解題注意要點(diǎn)和能力培養(yǎng) ① 核對(duì)錯(cuò)項(xiàng)時(shí),若的確有一時(shí)難以改出的地方。可以參考所改動(dòng)項(xiàng)是否基本符合―1126‖ 等題型比例。正確1個(gè),多一詞1個(gè),缺詞2個(gè),錯(cuò)詞6個(gè)。 ② 核對(duì)改正的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目是否有重復(fù)。因?yàn)槎涛母腻e(cuò)往往覆蓋面廣,一般不會(huì)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)考查某個(gè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象。原文中每行改動(dòng)只能改一詞,答案也只能是一詞。 ③ 核對(duì)答題符號(hào)是否規(guī)范,位置是否準(zhǔn)確,看看有無(wú)遺漏符號(hào),忽略字母大寫(xiě)和拼寫(xiě)等問(wèn)題 ④ 如有兩行都難以找到錯(cuò)誤時(shí),與其亂改一行,不如都打―√‖以確保一行正確。 ⑤ 從作文入手,提高自身語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用素質(zhì) ⑥ 合作學(xué)習(xí),幫批幫改,提高識(shí)錯(cuò)、糾錯(cuò)能力 ⑦ 精煉短文改錯(cuò),抓好寫(xiě)、比、改三步 例題分析 Tom and Dick are next door neighbor who work 1

        短文改錯(cuò)固定搭配篇三:短文改錯(cuò)解題技巧和練習(xí)--總結(jié)

        短文改錯(cuò)解題技巧

        一、高考英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤類型

        1、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 2、句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子完整性 3、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)及主謂一致問(wèn)題 4、上下文語(yǔ)意和代詞 5、介詞 固定搭配 6、固定(習(xí)慣)用法 7、形容詞和副詞是否誤用及其比較等級(jí)是否正確; 8、冠詞。取舍與選擇是否正確 9、連詞和從句引導(dǎo)詞 10、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式是否正確

        二、命題趨勢(shì)

        詞法錯(cuò)誤、句法錯(cuò)誤和行文邏輯,

        1.一致關(guān)系:包括主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致、代詞指代一致等。

        2.平行結(jié)構(gòu):包括動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞相配,形容詞與形容詞相配,分詞與分詞相配,不定式與不定式相配等。常由并列連詞或詞組連接。如:and, or , but,neither…nor…, as well as 等.

        3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法:如to的省略,過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的誤用等。

        4.多余詞:常常是介詞、副詞等的多余。

        5.詞性的混用。

        6.行文邏輯判斷等。

        注意:所該內(nèi)容應(yīng)最貼近原文; 可改可不改的,按不改對(duì)待。

        三、短文改錯(cuò)錯(cuò)誤類型:

        (一) 詞法的測(cè)試

        1.名詞:主要是查名詞是否可數(shù),與其修飾語(yǔ)是否一致。

        Hobby是可數(shù)名詞,在這要用復(fù)數(shù)形式;playing football是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng),football只是一種球; sing和listen to 要用動(dòng)名詞形式。

        作運(yùn)動(dòng)講是不可數(shù)名詞,do exercise作主語(yǔ)要用動(dòng)名詞形式,謂動(dòng)用單數(shù);healthy是形容詞, 這里要用名詞形式。

        one of 后的名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

        2. 代詞:對(duì)于短文中出現(xiàn)的每一個(gè)代詞都要查一下它所指代的內(nèi)容及在句中的作用,注意其數(shù)、格、詞性是否正確和前后是否一致,?嫉拇~包括人稱代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、關(guān)系代詞及疑問(wèn)代詞等。

        1).He drove too fast, and the police stopped her.

        前面提到的是he而后面卻用her來(lái)代,故應(yīng)將her改為him.

        2).This is the best film which I have ever seen.

        先行詞前有最高級(jí)修飾應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that 而不是which。

        3. 冠詞:英語(yǔ)中只有三個(gè)冠詞,但用起來(lái)卻很復(fù)雜,在短文改

        錯(cuò)中,錯(cuò)誤不外乎該用冠詞時(shí)沒(méi)有用,不該用時(shí)卻用了;該用an用了a,該用a(n)卻用了the.

        1) I meant to write letter and tell you all the things…

        letter為可數(shù)名詞,故write后應(yīng)加a.

        2) I like playing the football. 去the

        3) He is a honest boy. a改為an

        4. 介詞:檢查介詞主要是查介詞與動(dòng)詞、形容詞、名詞的搭配,

        介詞慣用詞組等是否正確。

        1) I am writing to thank you with your kind help.

        thank sb. for sth.為固定搭配,故應(yīng)將with 改為for.

        2) …I’m the happiest in all.

        此句想表達(dá)的意思是“我是所有人中最高興的”。故應(yīng)將in改為 of.

        3) Under the help of my father, I …under 改為 with

        4) He went to Beijing in next Sunday.in 改為on

        5. 形容詞、副詞:形容詞、副詞的誤用主要指在該用形容詞的地方用了副詞,該用副詞的地方用了形容詞。改錯(cuò)行中出現(xiàn)形容詞或副詞時(shí)就要仔細(xì)分析該形容詞或副詞修飾什么,形式是否正確,是原級(jí)、比較級(jí)還是最高級(jí)。形容詞、副詞誤用也是常考的改錯(cuò)項(xiàng)目之一。

        1) I had not interest in English .interest是名詞,應(yīng)用形容詞no來(lái)修飾,而not是副詞,副詞不能修飾名詞

        2) These are the happier girls I’ve ever seen.(NMET2007)

        此處有I’ve ever seen限定,應(yīng)用最高級(jí),故happier應(yīng)改為 happiest.

        3) You can borrow a book very easy.easy 改為easily.

        4) These books are very worth reading.用well 修飾

        6. 連詞:短文改錯(cuò)中出現(xiàn)連詞就要判斷連詞用的是否正確,是否 符合句子意思;連接的是詞還是句子,是否符合邏輯關(guān)系。此外如果是平行結(jié)構(gòu)就要注意前后時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、詞性一致問(wèn)題。平行結(jié)構(gòu)常借助與并列連詞and , or , but , not only…but also…, …not…but…, either…or…, neither …nor…, as well as等。

        1) As it has been raining these days, so we have decided to put off our sports meeting. 由于前句有As引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,因此后句不能再用so,故應(yīng)把so 去掉。

        2) The population is growing, but the earth must support too many people.

        根據(jù)上下文意思判斷,前后兩個(gè)并列分句不存在意義上的折,

        所以but應(yīng)改為and或so.這是典型的并列連詞誤用。

        7. 動(dòng)詞:動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤在短文改錯(cuò)中所占比重最大,它所涉及的錯(cuò)誤包括動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤;易混動(dòng)詞的用法錯(cuò)誤; 動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)錯(cuò)誤;動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式,以及動(dòng)詞的句型搭配錯(cuò)誤等。在改錯(cuò)題中,動(dòng)詞方面的考查比例較大。

        1) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤

        a. I will write again and send you the photos we take together.

        take photos動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí).

        b. The book you borrowed from the library should returned in five days.

        根據(jù)本句意義,should后應(yīng)加上been,構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

        c. In school, I often playing football for my friends.

        playing改為 play; (轉(zhuǎn) 載 于:smilezhuce.com 蒲 公英文 摘:短文改錯(cuò)固定搭配)for 改為with

        2) 易混動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤

        a. I persuaded him to stop smoking, but he didn’t listen.

        persuade 意為“說(shuō)服”,強(qiáng)調(diào)成功的結(jié)果,而根據(jù)下句 he

        didn’t listen可知,勸說(shuō)并沒(méi)有成功,故應(yīng)改persuaded為 advised.

        b. You please rise your hands.

        rise是不及物動(dòng)詞,而raise是及物動(dòng)詞,所以舉手應(yīng)用

        raise your hands.這屬于及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞的誤用。

        3) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤

        a. We are looking forward to see you on the birthday party.

        look forward to 中的to是介詞,應(yīng)加動(dòng)名詞,將see改為seeing.

        b. I’m sorry I keep you wait for a long time .I got caught in the traffic.

        在任何情況下keep均和doing連用,如keep doing sth.;

        keep sb. (sth).doing sth. ;keep …from doing… 等.

        c. I’d like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country.

        to后加be。因其后是名詞,而不是動(dòng)詞原形,不能直接用to.

        8. 詞語(yǔ)固定搭配:

        主要考查介詞與動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞的固定搭配;副詞、

        動(dòng)詞的固定搭配;及物動(dòng)詞后多介詞或副詞以及不及物動(dòng)詞后少介詞,英語(yǔ)中的一些固定句型與習(xí)慣搭配等。

        1) My teacher advised me to keep my diary.

        keep a diary是固定搭配,意思是“寫(xiě)日記”.

        2) In my surprise, he did very well in his previous job.

        To one’s surprise 是固定搭配

        3) I thought that was dull to watch a game…(NMET2005)

        此題考查it的功能,It + be + adj. + to do為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。

        4) …the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful.解析:

        not only… but also…為固定結(jié)構(gòu),故將and 改為but.

        5) I have no difficulty learn maths.

        have difficulty (in) doing sth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)

        6) He spends too much time play games.

        spend some time (in) doing sth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)

        (二) 句法的測(cè)試:

        1主謂語(yǔ)在數(shù)上的一致;

        I hope everything are ok with you. are 改為is

        2名詞性從句;

        A man came up to him and asked that he needed. that是連詞,在從句中無(wú)任何意義,而后面的賓語(yǔ)從句缺賓語(yǔ),用what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ)。

        3定語(yǔ)從句;

        This would save the life of many animals, some of then have almost died out.

        them改為 which

        4強(qiáng)調(diào)句型;It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/who…

        It was in 1949 when he joined the army. when改為that

        5句子結(jié)構(gòu)的連貫性、完整性、對(duì)等性及邏輯性。

        (三)語(yǔ)篇的測(cè)試 語(yǔ)篇的測(cè)試包括:

        1上下文中的時(shí)態(tài)是否一致;

        2上下文中的代詞是否一致;

        3上下文中的邏輯是否一致;

        4上下文中的詞、詞組、從句的替代是否正確。

        四、復(fù)習(xí)建議:

        除了多做改錯(cuò)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)外,也要做與短文改錯(cuò)題型相關(guān)的其他練習(xí)。比如:1.在平時(shí)寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中就要十分注意自己容易犯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。2.還可以通過(guò)看其他同學(xué)的習(xí)作,欣賞的同時(shí)也可有意識(shí)地把該習(xí)作進(jìn)行一下“改錯(cuò)”。3.平時(shí)還可以多進(jìn)行單句改錯(cuò)練習(xí),逐漸體會(huì)和把握短文改錯(cuò)這一題型的規(guī)律。

        (一)改前通讀全文, 切忌拿來(lái)就改,這一步很關(guān)鍵。這一步的目標(biāo)是了解短文的中心意思,把握全篇的時(shí)態(tài)、人稱及行文邏輯。記敘文強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和事件四要素,在通讀全文理解全文的同時(shí)把一些比較容易的或是明顯的錯(cuò)誤先改好

        (二)分句閱讀,逐行找錯(cuò)。在糾錯(cuò)時(shí)要仔細(xì)地讀懂每一個(gè)句子,這時(shí)就要對(duì)文中的詞法、句法和語(yǔ)篇(詳見(jiàn)考查要點(diǎn))角度著重分析和特別注意。把涉及到以上錯(cuò)誤類型的詞多斟酌一下。

        (三)做將答案放回原文,再重讀全文。其目的主要是查看有無(wú)不符合邏輯,語(yǔ)句不通暢,不符合英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣的問(wèn)題。

        相關(guān)熱詞搜索:改錯(cuò) 短文 搭配 固定 高中英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)技巧 高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)技巧

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