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        回眸全運(之四):超新星全運會

        發(fā)布時間:2020-03-11 來源: 短文摘抄 點擊:

          六年的期待――七運會      在七運會之前,國家曾確定全運會4年一屆,都是在奧運會的前一年舉行,即體育健兒全運會練兵、檢閱后再登奧運賽場一搏。然而,每逢全運會,各省市代表團無不在爭奪金牌和獎牌中竭盡全力,殘酷競爭,其結(jié)果反而影響轉(zhuǎn)年奧運會的成績。在“奧運金牌”戰(zhàn)略的指導思想下,當時的國家體委決定,把全運會的舉辦時間改為奧運會后的一年。由于巴塞羅那奧運會在1992年,第七屆全運會即延遲到1993年舉行,距離上一屆整整6年。
          1993年,七運會與上屆全運會時隔6年之后在北京和成都舉行。該屆會徽整體造型是一個火炬,火焰由羅馬字母 VII(七)字變型而成,炬柄成跑道造型,火炬下端標明七運會的時間、地點。這屆全運會就已經(jīng)開始完全的市場化運作,會徽的制作是通過進行市場招標而誕生的。
          七運會共設置金牌374枚;銀牌367枚;銅牌362枚。一年前,在1992年巴塞羅那奧運會上,中國體育代表團首次奪得16塊金牌,步入世界體育強國之列。本屆全運會共計4人4次創(chuàng)4項世界記錄;18人4隊43次超21項世界記錄;4人4次平3項世界記錄;54人1隊93次創(chuàng)34項亞洲記錄;61人3隊143次超66項亞洲記錄;130人14隊273次創(chuàng)117項全國記錄。
          與前六屆全運會相比,七運會產(chǎn)生了兩個之最:第一,承辦地區(qū)最多。第七屆全運會首次由多個地區(qū)共同承辦,分設北京和四川兩個主賽區(qū)。在全部的43個比賽項目中,北京承辦包括田徑、游泳、體操等總共26個項目;四川承辦了包括跳水、水球、花樣游泳等項目在內(nèi)的15個比賽項目。另外,秦皇島市承辦了帆船和帆板兩個項目。第二,比賽時間最長。四川賽區(qū)的比賽是在1993年8月15日至24日舉行的,北京賽區(qū)的比賽于1993年9月4日至9月15日舉行,總共22天。雖然本屆全運會首次由三地協(xié)辦,京川相隔千山萬水,但在多方共同的努力下,七運會依然有條不紊地進行。
          第七屆全運會的一個突出現(xiàn)象,是奧運冠軍們的回歸。高敏等昔日的奧運冠軍,在各方的努力下,重回全運賽場。雖然他們已經(jīng)遠離賽場多年,競技狀態(tài)也難復當年之勇,但在大賽經(jīng)驗上,普通運動員仍然難以望其項背。實際上,奧運冠軍逢全運會復出這種現(xiàn)象,在之前早已有之,不過在七運會上顯得尤為突出,之后高水平運動員選擇在全運會上“回饋”培養(yǎng)自己的地方隊,便形成了一種“全運現(xiàn)象”。值得一提的是,圍棋、航空航海模型、無線電測向等群眾、軍事項目在本屆作了最后的演出。在此后的全運會中,這些項目再也沒有出現(xiàn)過。
          在本屆全運會上,遼寧隊以44塊金牌首次登頂,“馬家軍”的神奇表演也長久地留在人們的記憶中。廣東以29塊金牌名列第二,上海26金排名第三。
          
          新上海 新全運――八運會
          
          1997年10月12日-24日,中華人民共和國第八屆運動會在上海舉行。這是二十世紀中國最后一次體育盛會,31個省、直轄市、自治區(qū),香港特別行政區(qū),解放軍以及13個行業(yè)體協(xié)共46個代表團參加了這次運動會。香港作為中國特別行政區(qū)首次組團參加全運會,派出了168名運動員與內(nèi)地選手同場競技,首次參賽便以兩枚金牌的佳績在獎牌榜上排第26位,并獲得了體育道德風尚獎。
          當時,新近設立的直轄市重慶也首次單獨組團。參賽單位為歷屆全運會之最。國際奧委會主席薩馬蘭奇應中國奧委會主席伍紹祖之邀,乘飛機抵達上海,觀摩第八屆全國運動會。
          本屆全運會是新中國成立后上海第二次承辦的大型綜合性運動會。會徽圖案由代表八運會的8和代表上海的漢語拼音字母“S”重新組合,圖形外圍是紅色的“8”,中心形成一個白色的“S”,視覺上像一把火炬,又像一朵上海市花白玉蘭;下半部分以“8”字為基礎,像上海8萬人體育館,一環(huán)套一環(huán),象征著全國人民大團圓。
          這次全運會采取了6項改革措施,一是突出奧運會項目,28個大項中除武術(shù)以外全部是奧運會項目;二是允許人才合理交流,各省相互交流運動員達1000余人,上海從外省引進運動員101人,輸出99人;三是給解放軍、四川、重慶三隊以雙重計分的優(yōu)惠;四是給球類集體項目記雙牌雙分;五是給打破奧運會項目世界紀錄者追加金牌;六是允許將上屆奧運會的獎牌計入運動員所在的代表團。八運會上采取的各項改革措施對以后的中國體育發(fā)展進程影響深遠。
          時隔14年之后,全運會重回上海。而此時身處改革開放最前沿的上海,跟當年的舉辦五運會時相比,已經(jīng)完全不能等量齊觀。新建的8萬人體育場,成為萬眾矚目的焦點。八運會,8萬人,這個吉祥的數(shù)字符號一直貫穿在全運會始終。
          本屆全運會上,還出現(xiàn)另一個“八萬人”隊伍。有8萬志愿者參與了八運會的服務,他們不計報酬,全心全意地為八運會服務。如此高水平的志愿者服務,在全運會的歷史上可謂史無前例。
          八運會田徑賽場格外引人注目。馬俊仁執(zhí)教的“馬家軍”包攬了女子8000-10000米的所有金牌,女飛人李雪梅的百米成績甚至超過當年世界錦標賽百米冠軍瓊斯,在這屆全運會上,共有179人659次超41項世界紀錄。其中16人19次打破7項奧運會項目世界紀錄,4人4次平3項世界紀錄,成為打破世界紀錄最多的一屆全運會。東道主上海力奪42金,首次排名第一,遼寧奪得39.5塊金牌,排名第二,而山東也以25金歷史性地進入三甲。
          
          Looking Back on the National Games
          Six Years of Expectation―The Seventh National Games
          In 1993, six years after the Sixth National Games, the Seventh National Games was held in Beijing and Chengdu. The emblem of the Seventh National Games was a torch. The flames of the torch formed the distorted shape of the Roman number VII. The torch handle was the shape of a running track. At the bottom of the torch were recorded the time and location of the Seventh National Games.
          Compared with the previous National Games, two records were created at the Seventh National Games. First, the greatest number of regions were hosting the events. For the first time, the Seventh National Games were co-hosted by many regions. Two main stadia were established in Beijing and Sichuan. Moreover, Qinhuangdao City hosted the racing events of sailing and sailboarding. Second, the longest schedule of events.
          A remarkable phenomenon of the Seventh National Games was the return of the Olympic gold medalists. Thanks to the efforts made by the people concerned, former Olympic champions like Gao Min returned to the arenas. What is worthy of being mentioned that the events such as go, aviation and navigation model, and amateur radio direction finding, performed their swan song at this National Games.
          
          New Shanghai, New National Games―The Eighth National Games
          On October 12-24, 1997, the Eighth National Games was held in Shanghai, which as the last grand sports event China held at the end of the 20th century. Forty-six delegations from 31 provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the PLA and 13 professional sports associations participated in the Games. The newly established municipality of Chongqing sent a team to participate in the Games for the first time. At the invitation of Chairman Wu Shaozu of the China Olympic Committee, Chairman Juan Antonio Samaranch of the International Olympic Committee flew to Shanghai to watch the Eighth National Games.
          Six reform measures were adopted at the Eighth National Games. First, prominence was given to Olympic items. Among the 28 major events, save for martial arts, all the items were Olympic sports. Second, reasonable talents exchanges were allowed. More than 1,000 athletes were exchanged by the provinces and municipalities. Shanghai imported 101 athletes from other provinces and exported 99. Third, preferential double scoring was given to the teams from the PLA, Sichuan and Chongqing. Fourth, double medals and double scores were awarded for team ball games. Fifth, additional gold medals were presented to any athletes who broke Olympic records. Sixth, the medals won at the previous Olympic Games were allowed to be counted for the delegations with Olympic medalists.

        相關(guān)熱詞搜索:回眸 之四 回眸全運(之四) 全運之星 全運之星票選

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